Rollup merge of #84682 - jackh726:transitive_bounds_rebind, r=nikomatsakis

Don't rebind in `transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_type`

Fixes #83737
Fixes #84604

Also fixes another issue that I don't have a test for, popped up in [zulip](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/144729-wg-traits/topic/Duplicate.20symbol.20error.20.2384604/near/236570445)

r? `````@nikomatsakis`````

src/test/ui/lifetimes/issue-83737-erasing-bound-vars.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// build-pass
+// compile-flags: --edition 2018
+// compile-flags: --crate-type rlib
+
+use std::future::Future;
+
+async fn handle<F>(slf: &F)
+where
+    F: Fn(&()) -> Box<dyn for<'a> Future<Output = ()> + Unpin>,
+{
+    (slf)(&()).await;
+}
+
+fn main() {}

src/test/ui/lifetimes/issue-84604.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// run-pass
+// compile-flags: -Zsymbol-mangling-version=v0
+
+pub fn f<T: ?Sized>() {}
+pub trait Frob<T: ?Sized> {}
+fn main() {
+    f::<dyn Frob<str>>();
+    f::<dyn for<'a> Frob<str>>();
+}