std: Rename Show/String to Debug/Display

This commit is an implementation of [RFC 565][rfc] which is a stabilization of
the `std::fmt` module and the implementations of various formatting traits.
Specifically, the following changes were performed:

[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0565-show-string-guidelines.md

* The `Show` trait is now deprecated, it was renamed to `Debug`
* The `String` trait is now deprecated, it was renamed to `Display`
* Many `Debug` and `Display` implementations were audited in accordance with the
  RFC and audited implementations now have the `#[stable]` attribute
  * Integers and floats no longer print a suffix
  * Smart pointers no longer print details that they are a smart pointer
  * Paths with `Debug` are now quoted and escape characters
* The `unwrap` methods on `Result` now require `Display` instead of `Debug`
* The `Error` trait no longer has a `detail` method and now requires that
  `Display` must be implemented. With the loss of `String`, this has moved into
  libcore.
* `impl<E: Error> FromError<E> for Box<Error>` now exists
* `derive(Show)` has been renamed to `derive(Debug)`. This is not currently
  warned about due to warnings being emitted on stage1+

While backwards compatibility is attempted to be maintained with a blanket
implementation of `Display` for the old `String` trait (and the same for
`Show`/`Debug`) this is still a breaking change due to primitives no longer
implementing `String` as well as modifications such as `unwrap` and the `Error`
trait. Most code is fairly straightforward to update with a rename or tweaks of
method calls.

[breaking-change]
Closes #21436

src/libcore/str/mod.rs

@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ use self::Searcher::{Naive, TwoWay, TwoWayLong};
 
 use cmp::{self, Eq};
 use default::Default;
-use iter::range;
+use error::Error;
+use fmt;
 use iter::ExactSizeIterator;
+use iter::range;
 use iter::{Map, Iterator, IteratorExt, DoubleEndedIterator};
 use marker::Sized;
 use mem;
@@ -242,6 +244,30 @@ impl<'a> CharEq for &'a [char] {
     }
 }
 
+#[stable]
+impl Error for Utf8Error {
+    fn description(&self) -> &str {
+        match *self {
+            Utf8Error::TooShort => "invalid utf-8: not enough bytes",
+            Utf8Error::InvalidByte(..) => "invalid utf-8: corrupt contents",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[stable]
+impl fmt::Display for Utf8Error {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        match *self {
+            Utf8Error::InvalidByte(n) => {
+                write!(f, "invalid utf-8: invalid byte at index {}", n)
+            }
+            Utf8Error::TooShort => {
+                write!(f, "invalid utf-8: byte slice too short")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /*
 Section: Iterators
 */