Deprecate Error::description for real

`description` has been documented as soft-deprecated since 1.27.0 (17
months ago). There is no longer any reason to call it or implement it.

This commit:

- adds #[rustc_deprecated(since = "1.41.0")] to Error::description;

- moves description (and cause, which is also deprecated) below the
  source and backtrace methods in the Error trait;

- reduces documentation of description and cause to take up much less
  vertical real estate in rustdocs, while preserving the example that
  shows how to render errors without needing to call description;

- removes the description function of all *currently unstable* Error
  impls in the standard library;

- marks #[allow(deprecated)] the description function of all *stable*
  Error impls in the standard library;

- replaces miscellaneous uses of description in example code and the
  compiler.

src/test/ui/consts/miri_unleashed/mutable_const2.stderr

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ error: internal compiler error: mutable allocation in constant
 LL | const MUTABLE_BEHIND_RAW: *mut i32 = &UnsafeCell::new(42) as *const _ as *mut _;
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-thread 'rustc' panicked at 'no errors encountered even though `delay_span_bug` issued', src/librustc_errors/lib.rs:349:17
+thread 'rustc' panicked at 'no errors encountered even though `delay_span_bug` issued', src/librustc_errors/lib.rs:345:17
 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace.
 
 error: internal compiler error: unexpected panic