Auto merge of #142795 - Kobzol:rollup-vvnnjno, r=Kobzol

Rollup of 10 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - rust-lang/rust#142629 (Add config builder for bootstrap tests)
 - rust-lang/rust#142715 (correct template for `#[align]` attribute)
 - rust-lang/rust#142720 (De-dup common code from `ExternalCrate` methods)
 - rust-lang/rust#142736 (add issue template for rustdoc)
 - rust-lang/rust#142743 (rustc-dev-guide subtree update)
 - rust-lang/rust#142744 (Add a mailmap entry for y21)
 - rust-lang/rust#142758 (Make sure to rebuild rustdoc if `src/rustdoc-json-types` is changed)
 - rust-lang/rust#142764 (Convert `ilog(10)` to `ilog10()`)
 - rust-lang/rust#142767 (Some symbol and PathRoot cleanups)
 - rust-lang/rust#142769 (remove equivalent new method on context)

r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/rustdoc.md

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+name: Problem with rustdoc
+about: Report an issue with how docs get generated.
+labels: C-bug, T-rustdoc
+---
+<!--
+Thank you for filing a rustdoc issue! Rustdoc is the tool that handles the generation of docs.  It is usually invoked via `cargo doc`, but can also be used directly.
+
+If you have an issue with the actual content of the docs, use the "Documentation problem" template instead.
+-->
+
+# Code
+<!-- problematic snippet and/or link to repo and/or full path of standard library function -->
+
+```rust
+<code>
+```
+
+# Reproduction Steps
+<!--
+* command(s) to run, if any
+* permalink to hosted documentation, if any
+* search query, if any
+-->
+
+# Expected Outcome
+<!--
+What did you want to happen?
+
+For GUI issues, feel free to provide a mockup image of what you want it to look like.
+
+For diagnostics, please provide a mockup of the desired output in a code block.
+-->
+
+# Actual Output
+<!--
+* rustdoc console output
+* browser screenshot of generated html
+* rustdoc json (prettify by running through `jq` or running thorugh an online formatter)
+-->
+```console
+<code>
+```
+
+
+# Version
+<!--
+Available via `rustdoc --version` or under the "Help" menu.
+
+If the issue involves opening the documentation in a browser, please also provide the name and version of the browser used.
+-->
+
+# Additional Details
+<!-- Anything else you think is relevant -->

.mailmap

@@ -698,3 +698,4 @@ Zach Pomerantz <zmp@umich.edu>
 Zack Corr <zack@z0w0.me> <zackcorr95@gmail.com>
 Zack Slayton <zack.slayton@gmail.com>
 Zbigniew Siciarz <zbigniew@siciarz.net> Zbigniew Siciarz <antyqjon@gmail.com>
+y21 <30553356+y21@users.noreply.github.com>

compiler/rustc_attr_parsing/src/attributes/repr.rs

@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ pub(crate) struct AlignParser(Option<(Align, Span)>);
 
 impl AlignParser {
     const PATH: &'static [Symbol] = &[sym::align];
-    const TEMPLATE: AttributeTemplate = template!(Word, List: "<alignment in bytes>");
+    const TEMPLATE: AttributeTemplate = template!(List: "<alignment in bytes>");
 
     fn parse<'c, S: Stage>(
         &mut self,

compiler/rustc_attr_parsing/src/context.rs

@@ -422,19 +422,13 @@ impl<'sess> AttributeParser<'sess, Early> {
 
         parsed.pop()
     }
-
-    pub fn new_early(sess: &'sess Session, features: &'sess Features, tools: Vec<Symbol>) -> Self {
-        Self { features: Some(features), tools, parse_only: None, sess, stage: PhantomData }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'sess> AttributeParser<'sess, Late> {
-    pub fn new(sess: &'sess Session, features: &'sess Features, tools: Vec<Symbol>) -> Self {
-        Self { features: Some(features), tools, parse_only: None, sess, stage: PhantomData }
-    }
 }
 
 impl<'sess, S: Stage> AttributeParser<'sess, S> {
+    pub fn new(sess: &'sess Session, features: &'sess Features, tools: Vec<Symbol>) -> Self {
+        Self { features: Some(features), tools, parse_only: None, sess, stage: PhantomData }
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn sess(&self) -> &'sess Session {
         &self.sess
     }

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/alloc_error_handler.rs

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ pub(crate) fn expand(
 fn generate_handler(cx: &ExtCtxt<'_>, handler: Ident, span: Span, sig_span: Span) -> Stmt {
     let usize = cx.path_ident(span, Ident::new(sym::usize, span));
     let ty_usize = cx.ty_path(usize);
-    let size = Ident::from_str_and_span("size", span);
-    let align = Ident::from_str_and_span("align", span);
+    let size = Ident::new(sym::size, span);
+    let align = Ident::new(sym::align, span);
 
     let layout_new = cx.std_path(&[sym::alloc, sym::Layout, sym::from_size_align_unchecked]);
     let layout_new = cx.expr_path(cx.path(span, layout_new));

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/autodiff.rs

@@ -652,8 +652,10 @@ mod llvm_enzyme {
                 exprs = ecx.expr_call(new_decl_span, bb_call_expr, thin_vec![exprs]);
             } else {
                 let q = QSelf { ty: d_ret_ty, path_span: span, position: 0 };
-                let y =
-                    ExprKind::Path(Some(P(q)), ecx.path_ident(span, Ident::from_str("default")));
+                let y = ExprKind::Path(
+                    Some(P(q)),
+                    ecx.path_ident(span, Ident::with_dummy_span(kw::Default)),
+                );
                 let default_call_expr = ecx.expr(span, y);
                 let default_call_expr =
                     ecx.expr_call(new_decl_span, default_call_expr, thin_vec![]);

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub fn inject(
     is_test_crate: bool,
     dcx: DiagCtxtHandle<'_>,
 ) {
-    let ecfg = ExpansionConfig::default("proc_macro".to_string(), features);
+    let ecfg = ExpansionConfig::default(sym::proc_macro, features);
     let mut cx = ExtCtxt::new(sess, ecfg, resolver, None);
 
     let mut collect = CollectProcMacros {

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pub fn inject(
     let span = DUMMY_SP.with_def_site_ctxt(expn_id.to_expn_id());
     let call_site = DUMMY_SP.with_call_site_ctxt(expn_id.to_expn_id());
 
-    let ecfg = ExpansionConfig::default("std_lib_injection".to_string(), features);
+    let ecfg = ExpansionConfig::default(sym::std_lib_injection, features);
     let cx = ExtCtxt::new(sess, ecfg, resolver, None);
 
     let ident_span = if edition >= Edition2018 { span } else { call_site };

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs

@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ fn generate_test_harness(
     panic_strategy: PanicStrategy,
     test_runner: Option<ast::Path>,
 ) {
-    let econfig = ExpansionConfig::default("test".to_string(), features);
+    let econfig = ExpansionConfig::default(sym::test, features);
     let ext_cx = ExtCtxt::new(sess, econfig, resolver, None);
 
     let expn_id = ext_cx.resolver.expansion_for_ast_pass(

compiler/rustc_expand/src/errors.rs

@@ -183,12 +183,12 @@ pub(crate) struct FeatureNotAllowed {
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(expand_recursion_limit_reached)]
 #[help]
-pub(crate) struct RecursionLimitReached<'a> {
+pub(crate) struct RecursionLimitReached {
     #[primary_span]
     pub span: Span,
     pub descr: String,
     pub suggested_limit: Limit,
-    pub crate_name: &'a str,
+    pub crate_name: Symbol,
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]

compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{UNUSED_ATTRIBUTES, UNUSED_DOC_COMMENTS};
 use rustc_session::parse::feature_err;
 use rustc_session::{Limit, Session};
 use rustc_span::hygiene::SyntaxContext;
-use rustc_span::{ErrorGuaranteed, FileName, Ident, LocalExpnId, Span, sym};
+use rustc_span::{ErrorGuaranteed, FileName, Ident, LocalExpnId, Span, Symbol, sym};
 use smallvec::SmallVec;
 
 use crate::base::*;
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
         let dir_path = file_path.parent().unwrap_or(&file_path).to_owned();
         self.cx.root_path = dir_path.clone();
         self.cx.current_expansion.module = Rc::new(ModuleData {
-            mod_path: vec![Ident::from_str(&self.cx.ecfg.crate_name)],
+            mod_path: vec![Ident::with_dummy_span(self.cx.ecfg.crate_name)],
             file_path_stack: vec![file_path],
             dir_path,
         });
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
             span: expn_data.call_site,
             descr: expn_data.kind.descr(),
             suggested_limit,
-            crate_name: &self.cx.ecfg.crate_name,
+            crate_name: self.cx.ecfg.crate_name,
         });
 
         self.cx.trace_macros_diag();
@@ -2458,7 +2458,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MutVisitor for InvocationCollector<'a, 'b> {
 }
 
 pub struct ExpansionConfig<'feat> {
-    pub crate_name: String,
+    pub crate_name: Symbol,
     pub features: &'feat Features,
     pub recursion_limit: Limit,
     pub trace_mac: bool,
@@ -2471,7 +2471,7 @@ pub struct ExpansionConfig<'feat> {
 }
 
 impl ExpansionConfig<'_> {
-    pub fn default(crate_name: String, features: &Features) -> ExpansionConfig<'_> {
+    pub fn default(crate_name: Symbol, features: &Features) -> ExpansionConfig<'_> {
         ExpansionConfig {
             crate_name,
             features,

compiler/rustc_feature/src/unstable.rs

@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ declare_features! (
     (unstable, ffi_pure, "1.45.0", Some(58329)),
     /// Controlling the behavior of fmt::Debug
     (unstable, fmt_debug, "1.82.0", Some(129709)),
-    /// Allows using `#[repr(align(...))]` on function items
+    /// Allows using `#[align(...)]` on function items
     (unstable, fn_align, "1.53.0", Some(82232)),
     /// Support delegating implementation of functions to other already implemented functions.
     (incomplete, fn_delegation, "1.76.0", Some(118212)),

compiler/rustc_hir_pretty/src/lib.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use rustc_hir::{
     TyPatKind,
 };
 use rustc_span::source_map::SourceMap;
-use rustc_span::{FileName, Ident, Span, Symbol, kw};
+use rustc_span::{FileName, Ident, Span, Symbol, kw, sym};
 use {rustc_ast as ast, rustc_hir as hir};
 
 pub fn id_to_string(cx: &dyn rustc_hir::intravisit::HirTyCtxt<'_>, hir_id: HirId) -> String {
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
                 self.bopen(ib);
 
                 // Print `let _t = $init;`:
-                let temp = Ident::from_str("_t");
+                let temp = Ident::with_dummy_span(sym::_t);
                 self.print_local(false, Some(init), None, |this| this.print_ident(temp));
                 self.word(";");
 

compiler/rustc_interface/src/passes.rs

@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ fn configure_and_expand(
         // Create the config for macro expansion
         let recursion_limit = get_recursion_limit(pre_configured_attrs, sess);
         let cfg = rustc_expand::expand::ExpansionConfig {
-            crate_name: crate_name.to_string(),
+            crate_name,
             features,
             recursion_limit,
             trace_mac: sess.opts.unstable_opts.trace_macros,

compiler/rustc_passes/src/check_attr.rs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{
     UNKNOWN_OR_MALFORMED_DIAGNOSTIC_ATTRIBUTES, UNUSED_ATTRIBUTES,
 };
 use rustc_session::parse::feature_err;
-use rustc_span::{BytePos, DUMMY_SP, Span, Symbol, edition, sym};
+use rustc_span::{BytePos, DUMMY_SP, Span, Symbol, edition, kw, sym};
 use rustc_trait_selection::error_reporting::InferCtxtErrorExt;
 use rustc_trait_selection::infer::{TyCtxtInferExt, ValuePairs};
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::ObligationCtxt;
@@ -724,7 +724,10 @@ impl<'tcx> CheckAttrVisitor<'tcx> {
                         && !matches!(other_attr.path().as_slice(), [sym::rustfmt, ..])
                     {
                         let path = other_attr.path();
-                        let path: Vec<_> = path.iter().map(|s| s.as_str()).collect();
+                        let path: Vec<_> = path
+                            .iter()
+                            .map(|s| if *s == kw::PathRoot { "" } else { s.as_str() })
+                            .collect();
                         let other_attr_name = path.join("::");
 
                         self.dcx().emit_err(errors::NakedFunctionIncompatibleAttribute {

compiler/rustc_resolve/src/def_collector.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::mem;
 use rustc_ast::visit::FnKind;
 use rustc_ast::*;
 use rustc_ast_pretty::pprust;
-use rustc_attr_parsing::{AttributeParser, OmitDoc};
+use rustc_attr_parsing::{AttributeParser, Early, OmitDoc};
 use rustc_expand::expand::AstFragment;
 use rustc_hir as hir;
 use rustc_hir::def::{CtorKind, CtorOf, DefKind};
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ impl<'a, 'ra, 'tcx> visit::Visitor<'a> for DefCollector<'a, 'ra, 'tcx> {
                 // FIXME(jdonszelmann) make one of these in the resolver?
                 // FIXME(jdonszelmann) don't care about tools here maybe? Just parse what we can.
                 // Does that prevents errors from happening? maybe
-                let mut parser = AttributeParser::new_early(
+                let mut parser = AttributeParser::<'_, Early>::new(
                     &self.resolver.tcx.sess,
                     self.resolver.tcx.features(),
                     Vec::new(),

compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs

@@ -396,8 +396,7 @@ symbols! {
         __S,
         __awaitee,
         __try_var,
-        _d,
-        _e,
+        _t,
         _task_context,
         a32,
         aarch64_target_feature,
@@ -2052,6 +2051,7 @@ symbols! {
         static_recursion,
         staticlib,
         std,
+        std_lib_injection,
         std_panic,
         std_panic_2015_macro,
         std_panic_macro,

library/alloc/src/string.rs

@@ -2841,7 +2841,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_to_string {
         impl SpecToString for $signed {
             #[inline]
             fn spec_to_string(&self) -> String {
-                const SIZE: usize = $signed::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+                const SIZE: usize = $signed::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
                 let mut buf = [core::mem::MaybeUninit::<u8>::uninit(); SIZE];
                 // Only difference between signed and unsigned are these 8 lines.
                 let mut out;
@@ -2861,7 +2861,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_to_string {
         impl SpecToString for $unsigned {
             #[inline]
             fn spec_to_string(&self) -> String {
-                const SIZE: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+                const SIZE: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
                 let mut buf = [core::mem::MaybeUninit::<u8>::uninit(); SIZE];
 
                 self._fmt(&mut buf).to_string()

library/core/src/fmt/num.rs

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_Display {
             fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "optimize_for_size"))]
                 {
-                    const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+                    const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
                     // Buffer decimals for $unsigned with right alignment.
                     let mut buf = [MaybeUninit::<u8>::uninit(); MAX_DEC_N];
 
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_Display {
             fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
                 #[cfg(not(feature = "optimize_for_size"))]
                 {
-                    const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+                    const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $unsigned::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
                     // Buffer decimals for $unsigned with right alignment.
                     let mut buf = [MaybeUninit::<u8>::uninit(); MAX_DEC_N];
 
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_Display {
 
         #[cfg(feature = "optimize_for_size")]
         fn $gen_name(mut n: $u, is_nonnegative: bool, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-            const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $u::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+            const MAX_DEC_N: usize = $u::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
             let mut buf = [MaybeUninit::<u8>::uninit(); MAX_DEC_N];
             let mut curr = MAX_DEC_N;
             let buf_ptr = MaybeUninit::slice_as_mut_ptr(&mut buf);
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ mod imp {
 }
 impl_Exp!(i128, u128 as u128 via to_u128 named exp_u128);
 
-const U128_MAX_DEC_N: usize = u128::MAX.ilog(10) as usize + 1;
+const U128_MAX_DEC_N: usize = u128::MAX.ilog10() as usize + 1;
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 impl fmt::Display for u128 {

src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs

@@ -716,7 +716,7 @@ impl Step for Rustdoc {
             && target_compiler.stage > 0
             && builder.rust_info().is_managed_git_subrepository()
         {
-            let files_to_track = &["src/librustdoc", "src/tools/rustdoc"];
+            let files_to_track = &["src/librustdoc", "src/tools/rustdoc", "src/rustdoc-json-types"];
 
             // Check if unchanged
             if !builder.config.has_changes_from_upstream(files_to_track) {

src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use crate::Flags;
 use crate::core::build_steps::doc::DocumentationFormat;
 use crate::core::config::Config;
 use crate::utils::cache::ExecutedStep;
+use crate::utils::helpers::get_host_target;
 use crate::utils::tests::git::{GitCtx, git_test};
 
 static TEST_TRIPLE_1: &str = "i686-unknown-haiku";
@@ -1236,29 +1237,48 @@ fn any_debug() {
 /// The staging tests use insta for snapshot testing.
 /// See bootstrap's README on how to bless the snapshots.
 mod staging {
+    use crate::Build;
+    use crate::core::builder::Builder;
     use crate::core::builder::tests::{
         TEST_TRIPLE_1, configure, configure_with_args, render_steps, run_build,
     };
+    use crate::utils::tests::{ConfigBuilder, TestCtx};
 
     #[test]
     fn build_compiler_stage_1() {
-        let mut cache = run_build(
-            &["compiler".into()],
-            configure_with_args(&["build", "--stage", "1"], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1]),
-        );
-        let steps = cache.into_executed_steps();
-        insta::assert_snapshot!(render_steps(&steps), @r"
-        [build] rustc 0 <target1> -> std 0 <target1>
-        [build] llvm <target1>
-        [build] rustc 0 <target1> -> rustc 1 <target1>
-        [build] rustc 0 <target1> -> rustc 1 <target1>
+        let ctx = TestCtx::new();
+        insta::assert_snapshot!(
+            ctx.config("build")
+                .path("compiler")
+                .stage(1)
+                .get_steps(), @r"
+        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> std 0 <host>
+        [build] llvm <host>
+        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
+        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
         ");
     }
+
+    impl ConfigBuilder {
+        fn get_steps(self) -> String {
+            let config = self.create_config();
+
+            let kind = config.cmd.kind();
+            let build = Build::new(config);
+            let builder = Builder::new(&build);
+            builder.run_step_descriptions(&Builder::get_step_descriptions(kind), &builder.paths);
+            render_steps(&builder.cache.into_executed_steps())
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Renders the executed bootstrap steps for usage in snapshot tests with insta.
 /// Only renders certain important steps.
 /// Each value in `steps` should be a tuple of (Step, step output).
+///
+/// The arrow in the rendered output (`X -> Y`) means `X builds Y`.
+/// This is similar to the output printed by bootstrap to stdout, but here it is
+/// generated purely for the purpose of tests.
 fn render_steps(steps: &[ExecutedStep]) -> String {
     steps
         .iter()
@@ -1275,18 +1295,17 @@ fn render_steps(steps: &[ExecutedStep]) -> String {
             }
             let stage =
                 if let Some(stage) = metadata.stage { format!("{stage} ") } else { "".to_string() };
-            write!(record, "{} {stage}<{}>", metadata.name, metadata.target);
+            write!(record, "{} {stage}<{}>", metadata.name, normalize_target(metadata.target));
             Some(record)
         })
-        .map(|line| {
-            line.replace(TEST_TRIPLE_1, "target1")
-                .replace(TEST_TRIPLE_2, "target2")
-                .replace(TEST_TRIPLE_3, "target3")
-        })
         .collect::<Vec<_>>()
         .join("\n")
 }
 
-fn render_compiler(compiler: Compiler) -> String {
-    format!("rustc {} <{}>", compiler.stage, compiler.host)
+fn normalize_target(target: TargetSelection) -> String {
+    target.to_string().replace(&get_host_target().to_string(), "host")
+}
+
+fn render_compiler(compiler: Compiler) -> String {
+    format!("rustc {} <{}>", compiler.stage, normalize_target(compiler.host))
 }

src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ use crate::core::download::is_download_ci_available;
 use crate::utils::channel;
 use crate::utils::exec::command;
 use crate::utils::execution_context::ExecutionContext;
-use crate::utils::helpers::exe;
+use crate::utils::helpers::{exe, get_host_target};
 use crate::{GitInfo, OnceLock, TargetSelection, check_ci_llvm, helpers, t};
 
 /// Each path in this list is considered "allowed" in the `download-rustc="if-unchanged"` logic.
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ impl Config {
             stderr_is_tty: std::io::stderr().is_terminal(),
 
             // set by build.rs
-            host_target: TargetSelection::from_user(env!("BUILD_TRIPLE")),
+            host_target: get_host_target(),
 
             src: {
                 let manifest_dir = PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));

src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs

@@ -178,6 +178,11 @@ pub fn symlink_dir(config: &Config, original: &Path, link: &Path) -> io::Result<
     }
 }
 
+/// Return the host target on which we are currently running.
+pub fn get_host_target() -> TargetSelection {
+    TargetSelection::from_user(env!("BUILD_TRIPLE"))
+}
+
 /// Rename a file if from and to are in the same filesystem or
 /// copy and remove the file otherwise
 pub fn move_file<P: AsRef<Path>, Q: AsRef<Path>>(from: P, to: Q) -> io::Result<()> {

src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,74 @@
 //! This module contains shared utilities for bootstrap tests.
 
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::thread;
+
+use tempfile::TempDir;
+
+use crate::core::builder::Builder;
+use crate::core::config::DryRun;
+use crate::{Build, Config, Flags, t};
+
 pub mod git;
+
+/// Holds temporary state of a bootstrap test.
+/// Right now it is only used to redirect the build directory of the bootstrap
+/// invocation, in the future it would be great if we could actually execute
+/// the whole test with this directory set as the workdir.
+pub struct TestCtx {
+    directory: TempDir,
+}
+
+impl TestCtx {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let directory = TempDir::new().expect("cannot create temporary directory");
+        eprintln!("Running test in {}", directory.path().display());
+        Self { directory }
+    }
+
+    /// Starts a new invocation of bootstrap that executes `kind` as its top level command
+    /// (i.e. `x <kind>`). Returns a builder that configures the created config through CLI flags.
+    pub fn config(&self, kind: &str) -> ConfigBuilder {
+        ConfigBuilder::from_args(&[kind], self.directory.path().to_owned())
+    }
+}
+
+/// Used to configure an invocation of bootstrap.
+/// Currently runs in the rustc checkout, long-term it should be switched
+/// to run in a (cache-primed) temporary directory instead.
+pub struct ConfigBuilder {
+    args: Vec<String>,
+    directory: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl ConfigBuilder {
+    fn from_args(args: &[&str], directory: PathBuf) -> Self {
+        Self { args: args.iter().copied().map(String::from).collect(), directory }
+    }
+
+    pub fn path(mut self, path: &str) -> Self {
+        self.args.push(path.to_string());
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn stage(mut self, stage: u32) -> Self {
+        self.args.push("--stage".to_string());
+        self.args.push(stage.to_string());
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn create_config(mut self) -> Config {
+        // Run in dry-check, otherwise the test would be too slow
+        self.args.push("--dry-run".to_string());
+
+        // Ignore submodules
+        self.args.push("--set".to_string());
+        self.args.push("build.submodules=false".to_string());
+
+        // Do not mess with the local rustc checkout build directory
+        self.args.push("--build-dir".to_string());
+        self.args.push(self.directory.join("build").display().to_string());
+
+        Config::parse(Flags::parse(&self.args))
+    }
+}

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/rust-version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-14346303d760027e53214e705109a62c0f00b214
+d1d8e386c5e84c4ba857f56c3291f73c27e2d62a

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -101,6 +101,8 @@
 	- [The `rustdoc` test suite](./rustdoc-internals/rustdoc-test-suite.md)
 	- [The `rustdoc-gui` test suite](./rustdoc-internals/rustdoc-gui-test-suite.md)
 	- [The `rustdoc-json` test suite](./rustdoc-internals/rustdoc-json-test-suite.md)
+- [GPU offload internals](./offload/internals.md)
+    - [Installation](./offload/installation.md)
 - [Autodiff internals](./autodiff/internals.md)
     - [Installation](./autodiff/installation.md)
     - [How to debug](./autodiff/debugging.md)
@@ -121,8 +123,9 @@
     - [Feature gate checking](./feature-gate-ck.md)
     - [Lang Items](./lang-items.md)
 - [The HIR (High-level IR)](./hir.md)
-    - [Lowering AST to HIR](./ast-lowering.md)
-    - [Debugging](./hir-debugging.md)
+    - [Lowering AST to HIR](./hir/lowering.md)
+    - [Ambig/Unambig Types and Consts](./hir/ambig-unambig-ty-and-consts.md)
+    - [Debugging](./hir/debugging.md)
 - [The THIR (Typed High-level IR)](./thir.md)
 - [The MIR (Mid-level IR)](./mir/index.md)
     - [MIR construction](./mir/construction.md)
@@ -181,7 +184,7 @@
         - [Significant changes and quirks](./solve/significant-changes.md)
     - [`Unsize` and `CoerceUnsized` traits](./traits/unsize.md)
 - [Type checking](./type-checking.md)
-    - [Method Lookup](./method-lookup.md)
+    - [Method lookup](./method-lookup.md)
     - [Variance](./variance.md)
     - [Coherence checking](./coherence.md)
     - [Opaque types](./opaque-types-type-alias-impl-trait.md)
@@ -189,7 +192,7 @@
         - [Return Position Impl Trait In Trait](./return-position-impl-trait-in-trait.md)
         - [Region inference restrictions][opaque-infer]
 - [Const condition checking](./effects.md)
-- [Pattern and Exhaustiveness Checking](./pat-exhaustive-checking.md)
+- [Pattern and exhaustiveness checking](./pat-exhaustive-checking.md)
 - [Unsafety checking](./unsafety-checking.md)
 - [MIR dataflow](./mir/dataflow.md)
 - [Drop elaboration](./mir/drop-elaboration.md)
@@ -209,7 +212,7 @@
 - [Closure capture inference](./closure.md)
 - [Async closures/"coroutine-closures"](coroutine-closures.md)
 
-# MIR to Binaries
+# MIR to binaries
 
 - [Prologue](./part-5-intro.md)
 - [MIR optimizations](./mir/optimizations.md)
@@ -218,15 +221,15 @@
     - [Interpreter](./const-eval/interpret.md)
 - [Monomorphization](./backend/monomorph.md)
 - [Lowering MIR](./backend/lowering-mir.md)
-- [Code Generation](./backend/codegen.md)
+- [Code generation](./backend/codegen.md)
     - [Updating LLVM](./backend/updating-llvm.md)
     - [Debugging LLVM](./backend/debugging.md)
     - [Backend Agnostic Codegen](./backend/backend-agnostic.md)
-    - [Implicit Caller Location](./backend/implicit-caller-location.md)
-- [Libraries and Metadata](./backend/libs-and-metadata.md)
-- [Profile-guided Optimization](./profile-guided-optimization.md)
-- [LLVM Source-Based Code Coverage](./llvm-coverage-instrumentation.md)
-- [Sanitizers Support](./sanitizers.md)
+    - [Implicit caller location](./backend/implicit-caller-location.md)
+- [Libraries and metadata](./backend/libs-and-metadata.md)
+- [Profile-guided optimization](./profile-guided-optimization.md)
+- [LLVM source-based code coverage](./llvm-coverage-instrumentation.md)
+- [Sanitizers support](./sanitizers.md)
 - [Debugging support in the Rust compiler](./debugging-support-in-rustc.md)
 
 ---

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/implicit-caller-location.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Implicit Caller Location
+# Implicit caller location
 
 <!-- toc -->
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ adds the [`#[track_caller]`][attr-reference] attribute for functions, the
 [`caller_location`][intrinsic] intrinsic, and the stabilization-friendly
 [`core::panic::Location::caller`][wrapper] wrapper.
 
-## Motivating Example
+## Motivating example
 
 Take this example program:
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ These error messages are achieved through a combination of changes to `panic!` i
 of `core::panic::Location::caller` and a number of `#[track_caller]` annotations in the standard
 library which propagate caller information.
 
-## Reading Caller Location
+## Reading caller location
 
 Previously, `panic!` made use of the `file!()`, `line!()`, and `column!()` macros to construct a
 [`Location`] pointing to where the panic occurred. These macros couldn't be given an overridden
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ was expanded. This function is itself annotated with `#[track_caller]` and wraps
 [`caller_location`][intrinsic] compiler intrinsic implemented by rustc. This intrinsic is easiest
 explained in terms of how it works in a `const` context.
 
-## Caller Location in `const`
+## Caller location in `const`
 
 There are two main phases to returning the caller location in a const context: walking up the stack
 to find the right location and allocating a const value to return.
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ fn main() {
 }
 ```
 
-### Dynamic Dispatch
+### Dynamic dispatch
 
 In codegen contexts we have to modify the callee ABI to pass this information down the stack, but
 the attribute expressly does *not* modify the type of the function. The ABI change must be
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ probably the best we can do without modifying fully-stabilized type signatures.
 > whether we'll be called in a const context (safe to ignore shim) or in a codegen context (unsafe
 > to ignore shim). Even if we did know, the results from const and codegen contexts must agree.
 
-## The Attribute
+## The attribute
 
 The `#[track_caller]` attribute is checked alongside other codegen attributes to ensure the
 function:

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/backend/libs-and-metadata.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Libraries and Metadata
+# Libraries and metadata
 
 When the compiler sees a reference to an external crate, it needs to load some
 information about that crate. This chapter gives an overview of that process,

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/building/new-target.md

@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ compiler, you can use it instead of the JSON file for both arguments.
 ## Promoting a target from tier 2 (target) to tier 2 (host)
 
 There are two levels of tier 2 targets:
-  a) Targets that are only cross-compiled (`rustup target add`)
-  b) Targets that [have a native toolchain][tier2-native] (`rustup toolchain install`)
+- Targets that are only cross-compiled (`rustup target add`)
+- Targets that [have a native toolchain][tier2-native] (`rustup toolchain install`)
 
 [tier2-native]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/target-tier-policy.html#tier-2-with-host-tools
 

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/contributing.md

@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ To find documentation-related issues, use the [A-docs label].
 
 You can find documentation style guidelines in [RFC 1574].
 
-To build the standard library documentation, use `x doc --stage 0 library --open`.
+To build the standard library documentation, use `x doc --stage 1 library --open`.
 To build the documentation for a book (e.g. the unstable book), use `x doc src/doc/unstable-book.`
 Results should appear in `build/host/doc`, as well as automatically open in your default browser.
 See [Building Documentation](./building/compiler-documenting.md#building-documentation) for more

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/diagnostics.md

@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ compiler](#linting-early-in-the-compiler).
 
 
 [AST nodes]: the-parser.md
-[AST lowering]: ast-lowering.md
+[AST lowering]: ./hir/lowering.md
 [HIR nodes]: hir.md
 [MIR nodes]: mir/index.md
 [macro expansion]: macro-expansion.md

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/hir.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 The HIR – "High-Level Intermediate Representation" – is the primary IR used
 in most of rustc. It is a compiler-friendly representation of the abstract
 syntax tree (AST) that is generated after parsing, macro expansion, and name
-resolution (see [Lowering](./ast-lowering.html) for how the HIR is created).
+resolution (see [Lowering](./hir/lowering.md) for how the HIR is created).
 Many parts of HIR resemble Rust surface syntax quite closely, with
 the exception that some of Rust's expression forms have been desugared away.
 For example, `for` loops are converted into a `loop` and do not appear in

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/hir/ambig-unambig-ty-and-consts.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# Ambig/Unambig Types and Consts
+
+Types and Consts args in the HIR can be in two kinds of positions ambiguous (ambig) or unambiguous (unambig). Ambig positions are where
+it would be valid to parse either a type or a const, unambig positions are where only one kind would be valid to
+parse.
+
+```rust
+fn func<T, const N: usize>(arg: T) {
+    //                           ^ Unambig type position
+    let a: _ = arg; 
+    //     ^ Unambig type position
+
+    func::<T, N>(arg);
+    //     ^  ^
+    //     ^^^^ Ambig position 
+
+    let _: [u8; 10];
+    //      ^^  ^^ Unambig const position
+    //      ^^ Unambig type position
+}
+
+```
+
+Most types/consts in ambig positions are able to be disambiguated as either a type or const during parsing. Single segment paths are always represented as types in the AST but may get resolved to a const parameter during name resolution, then lowered to a const argument during ast-lowering. The only generic arguments which remain ambiguous after lowering are inferred generic arguments (`_`) in path segments. For example, in `Foo<_>` it is not clear whether the `_` argument is an inferred type argument, or an inferred const argument.
+
+In unambig positions, inferred arguments are represented with [`hir::TyKind::Infer`][ty_infer] or [`hir::ConstArgKind::Infer`][const_infer] depending on whether it is a type or const position respectively.
+In ambig positions, inferred arguments are represented with `hir::GenericArg::Infer`.
+
+A naive implementation of this would result in there being potentially 5 places where you might think an inferred type/const could be found in the HIR from looking at the structure of the HIR:
+1. In unambig type position as a `hir::TyKind::Infer`
+2. In unambig const arg position as a `hir::ConstArgKind::Infer`
+3. In an ambig position as a [`GenericArg::Type(TyKind::Infer)`][generic_arg_ty]
+4. In an ambig position as a [`GenericArg::Const(ConstArgKind::Infer)`][generic_arg_const]
+5. In an ambig position as a [`GenericArg::Infer`][generic_arg_infer]
+
+Note that places 3 and 4 would never actually be possible to encounter as we always lower to `GenericArg::Infer` in generic arg position. 
+
+This has a few failure modes:
+- People may write visitors which check for `GenericArg::Infer` but forget to check for `hir::TyKind/ConstArgKind::Infer`, only handling infers in ambig positions by accident.
+- People may write visitors which check for `hir::TyKind/ConstArgKind::Infer` but forget to check for `GenericArg::Infer`, only handling infers in unambig positions by accident.
+- People may write visitors which check for `GenerArg::Type/Const(TyKind/ConstArgKind::Infer)` and `GenerigArg::Infer`, not realising that we never represent inferred types/consts in ambig positions as a `GenericArg::Type/Const`.
+- People may write visitors which check for *only* `TyKind::Infer` and not `ConstArgKind::Infer` forgetting that there are also inferred const arguments (and vice versa).
+
+To make writing HIR visitors less error prone when caring about inferred types/consts we have a relatively complex system:
+
+1. We have different types in the compiler for when a type or const is in an unambig or ambig position, `hir::Ty<AmbigArg>` and `hir::Ty<()>`. [`AmbigArg`][ambig_arg] is an uninhabited type which we use in the `Infer` variant of `TyKind` and `ConstArgKind` to selectively "disable" it if we are in an ambig position.
+
+2. The [`visit_ty`][visit_ty] and [`visit_const_arg`][visit_const_arg] methods on HIR visitors only accept the ambig position versions of types/consts. Unambig types/consts are implicitly converted to ambig types/consts during the visiting process, with the `Infer` variant handled by a dedicated [`visit_infer`][visit_infer] method.
+
+This has a number of benefits:
+- It's clear that `GenericArg::Type/Const` cannot represent inferred type/const arguments
+- Implementors of `visit_ty` and `visit_const_arg` will never encounter inferred types/consts making it impossible to write a visitor that seems to work right but handles edge cases wrong 
+- The `visit_infer` method handles *all* cases of inferred type/consts in the HIR making it easy for visitors to handle inferred type/consts in one dedicated place and not forget cases
+
+[ty_infer]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.TyKind.html#variant.Infer
+[const_infer]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.ConstArgKind.html#variant.Infer
+[generic_arg_ty]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.GenericArg.html#variant.Type
+[generic_arg_const]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.GenericArg.html#variant.Const
+[generic_arg_infer]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.GenericArg.html#variant.Infer
+[ambig_arg]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.AmbigArg.html
+[visit_ty]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/intravisit/trait.Visitor.html#method.visit_ty
+[visit_const_arg]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/intravisit/trait.Visitor.html#method.visit_const_arg
+[visit_infer]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/intravisit/trait.Visitor.html#method.visit_infer

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/hir/lowering.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # AST lowering
 
-The AST lowering step converts AST to [HIR](hir.html).
+The AST lowering step converts AST to [HIR](../hir.md).
 This means many structures are removed if they are irrelevant
 for type analysis or similar syntax agnostic analyses. Examples
 of such structures include but are not limited to

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/llvm-coverage-instrumentation.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LLVM Source-Based Code Coverage
+# LLVM source-based code coverage
 
 <!-- toc -->
 

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/offload/installation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# Installation
+
+In the future, `std::offload` should become available in nightly builds for users. For now, everyone still needs to build rustc from source. 
+
+## Build instructions
+
+First you need to clone and configure the Rust repository:
+```bash
+git clone --depth=1 git@github.com:rust-lang/rust.git
+cd rust
+./configure --enable-llvm-link-shared --release-channel=nightly --enable-llvm-assertions --enable-offload --enable-enzyme --enable-clang --enable-lld --enable-option-checking --enable-ninja --disable-docs
+```
+
+Afterwards you can build rustc using:
+```bash
+./x.py build --stage 1 library
+```
+
+Afterwards rustc toolchain link will allow you to use it through cargo:
+```
+rustup toolchain link offload build/host/stage1
+rustup toolchain install nightly # enables -Z unstable-options
+```
+
+
+
+## Build instruction for LLVM itself
+```bash
+git clone --depth=1 git@github.com:llvm/llvm-project.git 
+cd llvm-project
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake -G Ninja ../llvm -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD="host,AMDGPU,NVPTX" -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;lld" -DLLVM_ENABLE_RUNTIMES="offload,openmp" -DLLVM_ENABLE_PLUGINS=ON -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=.
+ninja
+ninja install
+```
+This gives you a working LLVM build.
+
+
+## Testing
+run
+```
+./x.py test --stage 1 tests/codegen/gpu_offload
+```
+
+## Usage
+It is important to use a clang compiler build on the same llvm as rustc. Just calling clang without the full path will likely use your system clang, which probably will be incompatible.
+```
+/absolute/path/to/rust/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/stage1/bin/rustc --edition=2024 --crate-type cdylib src/main.rs --emit=llvm-ir  -O -C lto=fat -Cpanic=abort -Zoffload=Enable
+/absolute/path/to/rust/build/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/llvm/bin/clang++ -fopenmp --offload-arch=native -g  -O3 main.ll -o main -save-temps
+LIBOMPTARGET_INFO=-1  ./main
+```
+The first step will generate a `main.ll` file, which has enough instructions to cause the offload runtime to move data to and from a gpu.
+The second step will use clang as the compilation driver to compile our IR file down to a working binary. Only a very small Rust subset will work out of the box here, unless
+you use features like build-std, which are not covered by this guide. Look at the codegen test to get a feeling for how to write a working example.
+In the last step you can run your binary, if all went well you will see a data transfer being reported:
+```
+omptarget device 0 info: Entering OpenMP data region with being_mapper at unknown:0:0 with 1 arguments:
+omptarget device 0 info: tofrom(unknown)[1024]
+omptarget device 0 info: Creating new map entry with HstPtrBase=0x00007fffffff9540, HstPtrBegin=0x00007fffffff9540, TgtAllocBegin=0x0000155547200000, TgtPtrBegin=0x0000155547200000, Size=1024, DynRefCount=1, HoldRefCount=0, Name=unknown
+omptarget device 0 info: Copying data from host to device, HstPtr=0x00007fffffff9540, TgtPtr=0x0000155547200000, Size=1024, Name=unknown
+omptarget device 0 info: OpenMP Host-Device pointer mappings after block at unknown:0:0:
+omptarget device 0 info: Host Ptr           Target Ptr         Size (B) DynRefCount HoldRefCount Declaration
+omptarget device 0 info: 0x00007fffffff9540 0x0000155547200000 1024     1           0            unknown at unknown:0:0
+// some other output
+omptarget device 0 info: Exiting OpenMP data region with end_mapper at unknown:0:0 with 1 arguments:
+omptarget device 0 info: tofrom(unknown)[1024]
+omptarget device 0 info: Mapping exists with HstPtrBegin=0x00007fffffff9540, TgtPtrBegin=0x0000155547200000, Size=1024, DynRefCount=0 (decremented, delayed deletion), HoldRefCount=0
+omptarget device 0 info: Copying data from device to host, TgtPtr=0x0000155547200000, HstPtr=0x00007fffffff9540, Size=1024, Name=unknown
+omptarget device 0 info: Removing map entry with HstPtrBegin=0x00007fffffff9540, TgtPtrBegin=0x0000155547200000, Size=1024, Name=unknown
+```

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/offload/internals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# std::offload
+
+This module is under active development. Once upstream, it should allow Rust developers to run Rust code on GPUs.
+We aim to develop a `rusty` GPU programming interface, which is safe, convenient and sufficiently fast by default.
+This includes automatic data movement to and from the GPU, in a efficient way. We will (later)
+also offer more advanced, possibly unsafe, interfaces which allow a higher degree of control.
+
+The implementation is based on LLVM's "offload" project, which is already used by OpenMP to run Fortran or C++ code on GPUs.
+While the project is under development, users will need to call other compilers like clang to finish the compilation process.

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/overview.md

@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ For more details on bootstrapping, see
   - Guide: [The HIR](hir.md)
   - Guide: [Identifiers in the HIR](hir.md#identifiers-in-the-hir)
   - Guide: [The `HIR` Map](hir.md#the-hir-map)
-  - Guide: [Lowering `AST` to `HIR`](ast-lowering.md)
+  - Guide: [Lowering `AST` to `HIR`](./hir/lowering.md)
   - How to view `HIR` representation for your code `cargo rustc -- -Z unpretty=hir-tree`
   - Rustc `HIR` definition: [`rustc_hir`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/index.html)
   - Main entry point: **TODO**

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/part-5-intro.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# From MIR to Binaries
+# From MIR to binaries
 
 All of the preceding chapters of this guide have one thing in common:
 we never generated any executable machine code at all!

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/pat-exhaustive-checking.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Pattern and Exhaustiveness Checking
+# Pattern and exhaustiveness checking
 
 In Rust, pattern matching and bindings have a few very helpful properties. The
 compiler will check that bindings are irrefutable when made and that match arms

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/profile-guided-optimization.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Profile Guided Optimization
+# Profile-guided optimization
 
 <!-- toc -->
 
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 This chapter describes what PGO is and how the support for it is
 implemented in `rustc`.
 
-## What Is Profiled-Guided Optimization?
+## What is profiled-guided optimization?
 
 The basic concept of PGO is to collect data about the typical execution of
 a program (e.g. which branches it is likely to take) and then use this data
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ instrumentation, via the experimental option
 [`-C instrument-coverage`](./llvm-coverage-instrumentation.md), but using these
 coverage results for PGO has not been attempted at this time.
 
-### Overall Workflow
+### Overall workflow
 
 Generating a PGO-optimized program involves the following four steps:
 
@@ -62,12 +62,12 @@ Generating a PGO-optimized program involves the following four steps:
 4. Compile the program again, this time making use of the profiling data
    (e.g. `rustc -C profile-use=merged.profdata main.rs`)
 
-### Compile-Time Aspects
+### Compile-time aspects
 
 Depending on which step in the above workflow we are in, two different things
 can happen at compile time:
 
-#### Create Binaries with Instrumentation
+#### Create binaries with instrumentation
 
 As mentioned above, the profiling instrumentation is added by LLVM.
 `rustc` instructs LLVM to do so [by setting the appropriate][pgo-gen-passmanager]
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ runtime are not removed [by marking the with the right export level][pgo-gen-sym
 [pgo-gen-symbols]:https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/1.34.1/src/librustc_codegen_ssa/back/symbol_export.rs#L212-L225
 
 
-#### Compile Binaries Where Optimizations Make Use Of Profiling Data
+#### Compile binaries where optimizations make use of profiling data
 
 In the final step of the workflow described above, the program is compiled
 again, with the compiler using the gathered profiling data in order to drive
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ LLVM does the rest (e.g. setting branch weights, marking functions with
 `cold` or `inlinehint`, etc).
 
 
-### Runtime Aspects
+### Runtime aspects
 
 Instrumentation-based approaches always also have a runtime component, i.e.
 once we have an instrumented program, that program needs to be run in order
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ instrumentation artifacts show up in LLVM IR.
 [rmake-tests]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/tree/master/tests/run-make
 [codegen-test]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/tests/codegen/pgo-instrumentation.rs
 
-## Additional Information
+## Additional information
 
 Clang's documentation contains a good overview on [PGO in LLVM][llvm-pgo].
 

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/profiling/with_perf.md

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ This is a guide for how to profile rustc with [perf](https://perf.wiki.kernel.or
 - Get a clean checkout of rust-lang/master, or whatever it is you want
   to profile.
 - Set the following settings in your `bootstrap.toml`:
-  - `debuginfo-level = 1` - enables line debuginfo
-  - `jemalloc = false` - lets you do memory use profiling with valgrind
+  - `rust.debuginfo-level = 1` - enables line debuginfo
+  - `rust.jemalloc = false` - lets you do memory use profiling with valgrind
   - leave everything else the defaults
 - Run `./x build` to get a full build
 - Make a rustup toolchain pointing to that result

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/queries/incremental-compilation-in-detail.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Incremental Compilation in detail
+# Incremental compilation in detail
 
 <!-- toc -->
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ because it reads the up-to-date version of `Hir(bar)`. Also, we re-run
 `type_check_item(bar)` because result of `type_of(bar)` might have changed.
 
 
-## The Problem With The Basic Algorithm: False Positives
+## The problem with the basic algorithm: false positives
 
 If you read the previous paragraph carefully you'll notice that it says that
 `type_of(bar)` *might* have changed because one of its inputs has changed.
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ of examples like this and small changes to the input often potentially affect
 very large parts of the output binaries. As a consequence, we had to make the
 change detection system smarter and more accurate.
 
-## Improving Accuracy: The red-green Algorithm
+## Improving accuracy: the red-green algorithm
 
 The "false positives" problem can be solved by interleaving change detection
 and query re-evaluation. Instead of walking the graph all the way to the
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ then itself involve recursively invoking more queries, which can mean we come ba
 to the `try_mark_green()` algorithm for the dependencies recursively.
 
 
-## The Real World: How Persistence Makes Everything Complicated
+## The real world: how persistence makes everything complicated
 
 The sections above described the underlying algorithm for incremental
 compilation but because the compiler process exits after being finished and
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ the `LocalId`s within it are still the same.
 
 
 
-### Checking Query Results For Changes: HashStable And Fingerprints
+### Checking query results for changes: `HashStable` and `Fingerprint`s
 
 In order to do red-green-marking we often need to check if the result of a
 query has changed compared to the result it had during the previous
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ This approach works rather well but it's not without flaws:
   their stable equivalents while doing the hashing.
 
 
-### A Tale Of Two DepGraphs: The Old And The New
+### A tale of two `DepGraph`s: the old and the new
 
 The initial description of dependency tracking glosses over a few details
 that quickly become a head scratcher when actually trying to implement things.
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ new graph is serialized out to disk, alongside the query result cache, and can
 act as the previous dep-graph in a subsequent compilation session.
 
 
-### Didn't You Forget Something?: Cache Promotion
+### Didn't you forget something?: cache promotion
 
 The system described so far has a somewhat subtle property: If all inputs of a
 dep-node are green then the dep-node itself can be marked as green without
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ the result cache doesn't unnecessarily shrink again.
 
 
 
-# Incremental Compilation and the Compiler Backend
+# Incremental compilation and the compiler backend
 
 The compiler backend, the part involving LLVM, is using the query system but
 it is not implemented in terms of queries itself. As a consequence it does not
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ would save.
 
 
 
-## Query Modifiers
+## Query modifiers
 
 The query system allows for applying [modifiers][mod] to queries. These
 modifiers affect certain aspects of how the system treats the query with
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ respect to incremental compilation:
 [mod]: ../query.html#adding-a-new-kind-of-query
 
 
-## The Projection Query Pattern
+## The projection query pattern
 
 It's interesting to note that `eval_always` and `no_hash` can be used together
 in the so-called "projection query" pattern. It is often the case that there is
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ because we have the projections to take care of keeping things green as much
 as possible.
 
 
-# Shortcomings of the Current System
+# Shortcomings of the current system
 
 There are many things that still can be improved.
 

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/query.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 <!-- toc -->
 
-As described in [the high-level overview of the compiler][hl], the Rust compiler
+As described in [Overview of the compiler], the Rust compiler
 is still (as of <!-- date-check --> July 2021) transitioning from a
 traditional "pass-based" setup to a "demand-driven" system. The compiler query
 system is the key to rustc's demand-driven organization.
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ there is a query called `type_of` that, given the [`DefId`] of
 some item, will compute the type of that item and return it to you.
 
 [`DefId`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_span/def_id/struct.DefId.html
-[hl]: ./compiler-src.md
+[Overview of the compiler]: overview.md#queries
 
 Query execution is *memoized*. The first time you invoke a
 query, it will go do the computation, but the next time, the result is
@@ -37,12 +37,15 @@ will in turn demand information about that crate, starting from the
   actual parsing.
 
 Although this vision is not fully realized, large sections of the
-compiler (for example, generating [MIR](./mir/index.md)) currently work exactly like this.
+compiler (for example, generating [MIR]) currently work exactly like this.
 
-[^incr-comp-detail]: The ["Incremental Compilation in Detail](queries/incremental-compilation-in-detail.md) chapter gives a more
+[^incr-comp-detail]: The [Incremental compilation in detail] chapter gives a more
 in-depth description of what queries are and how they work.
 If you intend to write a query of your own, this is a good read.
 
+[Incremental compilation in detail]: queries/incremental-compilation-in-detail.md
+[MIR]: mir/index.md
+
 ## Invoking queries
 
 Invoking a query is simple. The [`TyCtxt`] ("type context") struct offers a method
@@ -67,9 +70,15 @@ are cheaply cloneable; insert an `Rc` if necessary).
 ### Providers
 
 If, however, the query is *not* in the cache, then the compiler will
-try to find a suitable **provider**. A provider is a function that has
-been defined and linked into the compiler somewhere that contains the
-code to compute the result of the query.
+call the corresponding **provider** function. A provider is a function
+implemented in a specific module and **manually registered** into the
+[`Providers`][providers_struct] struct during compiler initialization.
+The macro system generates the [`Providers`][providers_struct] struct,
+which acts as a function table for all query implementations, where each
+field is a function pointer to the actual provider.
+
+**Note:** The `Providers` struct is generated by macros and acts as a function table for all query implementations.
+It is **not** a Rust trait, but a plain struct with function pointer fields.
 
 **Providers are defined per-crate.** The compiler maintains,
 internally, a table of providers for every crate, at least
@@ -97,62 +106,6 @@ fn provider<'tcx>(
 Providers take two arguments: the `tcx` and the query key.
 They return the result of the query.
 
-###  How providers are setup
-
-When the tcx is created, it is given the providers by its creator using
-the [`Providers`][providers_struct] struct. This struct is generated by
-the macros here, but it is basically a big list of function pointers:
-
-[providers_struct]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/query/struct.Providers.html
-
-```rust,ignore
-struct Providers {
-    type_of: for<'tcx> fn(TyCtxt<'tcx>, DefId) -> Ty<'tcx>,
-    ...
-}
-```
-
-At present, we have one copy of the struct for local crates, and one
-for external crates, though the plan is that we may eventually have
-one per crate.
-
-These `Providers` structs are ultimately created and populated by
-`rustc_driver`, but it does this by distributing the work
-throughout the other `rustc_*` crates. This is done by invoking
-various [`provide`][provide_fn] functions. These functions tend to look
-something like this:
-
-[provide_fn]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/hir/fn.provide.html
-
-```rust,ignore
-pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
-    *providers = Providers {
-        type_of,
-        ..*providers
-    };
-}
-```
-
-That is, they take an `&mut Providers` and mutate it in place. Usually
-we use the formulation above just because it looks nice, but you could
-as well do `providers.type_of = type_of`, which would be equivalent.
-(Here, `type_of` would be a top-level function, defined as we saw
-before.) So, if we want to add a provider for some other query,
-let's call it `fubar`, into the crate above, we might modify the `provide()`
-function like so:
-
-```rust,ignore
-pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
-    *providers = Providers {
-        type_of,
-        fubar,
-        ..*providers
-    };
-}
-
-fn fubar<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, key: DefId) -> Fubar<'tcx> { ... }
-```
-
 N.B. Most of the `rustc_*` crates only provide **local
 providers**. Almost all **extern providers** wind up going through the
 [`rustc_metadata` crate][rustc_metadata], which loads the information
@@ -164,6 +117,63 @@ they define both a `provide` and a `provide_extern` function, through
 [rustc_metadata]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_metadata/index.html
 [wasm_import_module_map]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_codegen_ssa/back/symbol_export/fn.wasm_import_module_map.html
 
+### How providers are set up
+
+When the tcx is created, it is given the providers by its creator using
+the [`Providers`][providers_struct] struct. This struct is generated by
+the macros here, but it is basically a big list of function pointers:
+
+[providers_struct]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/query/struct.Providers.html
+
+```rust,ignore
+struct Providers {
+    type_of: for<'tcx> fn(TyCtxt<'tcx>, DefId) -> Ty<'tcx>,
+    // ... one field for each query
+}
+```
+
+#### How are providers registered?
+
+The `Providers` struct is filled in during compiler initialization, mainly by the `rustc_driver` crate.  
+But the actual provider functions are implemented in various `rustc_*` crates (like `rustc_middle`, `rustc_hir_analysis`, etc).
+
+To register providers, each crate exposes a [`provide`][provide_fn] function that looks like this:
+
+[provide_fn]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_middle/hir/fn.provide.html
+
+```rust,ignore
+pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
+    *providers = Providers {
+        type_of,
+        // ... add more providers here
+        ..*providers
+    };
+}
+```
+
+- This function takes a mutable reference to the `Providers` struct and sets the fields to point to the correct provider functions.
+- You can also assign fields individually, e.g. `providers.type_of = type_of;`.
+
+#### Adding a new provider
+
+Suppose you want to add a new query called `fubar`. You would:
+
+1. Implement the provider function:
+    ```rust,ignore
+    fn fubar<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, key: DefId) -> Fubar<'tcx> { ... }
+    ```
+2. Register it in the `provide` function:
+    ```rust,ignore
+    pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
+        *providers = Providers {
+            fubar,
+            ..*providers
+        };
+    }
+    ```
+
+---
+
 ## Adding a new query
 
 How do you add a new query?

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/sanitizers.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Sanitizers Support
+# Sanitizers support
 
 The rustc compiler contains support for following sanitizers:
 

src/doc/rustc-dev-guide/src/ty.md

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ Here is a summary:
 | Describe the *syntax* of a type: what the user wrote (with some desugaring).  | Describe the *semantics* of a type: the meaning of what the user wrote. |
 | Each `rustc_hir::Ty` has its own spans corresponding to the appropriate place in the program. | Doesn’t correspond to a single place in the user’s program. |
 | `rustc_hir::Ty` has generics and lifetimes; however, some of those lifetimes are special markers like [`LifetimeKind::Implicit`][implicit]. | `ty::Ty` has the full type, including generics and lifetimes, even if the user left them out |
-| `fn foo(x: u32) → u32 { }` - Two `rustc_hir::Ty` representing each usage of `u32`, each has its own `Span`s, and `rustc_hir::Ty` doesn’t tell us that both are the same type | `fn foo(x: u32) → u32 { }` - One `ty::Ty` for all instances of `u32` throughout the program, and `ty::Ty` tells us that both usages of `u32` mean the same type. |
-| `fn foo(x: &u32) -> &u32)` - Two `rustc_hir::Ty` again. Lifetimes for the references show up in the `rustc_hir::Ty`s using a special marker, [`LifetimeKind::Implicit`][implicit]. | `fn foo(x: &u32) -> &u32)`- A single `ty::Ty`. The `ty::Ty` has the hidden lifetime param. |
+| `fn foo(x: u32) -> u32 { }` - Two `rustc_hir::Ty` representing each usage of `u32`, each has its own `Span`s, and `rustc_hir::Ty` doesn’t tell us that both are the same type | `fn foo(x: u32) -> u32 { }` - One `ty::Ty` for all instances of `u32` throughout the program, and `ty::Ty` tells us that both usages of `u32` mean the same type. |
+| `fn foo(x: &u32) -> &u32 { }` - Two `rustc_hir::Ty` again. Lifetimes for the references show up in the `rustc_hir::Ty`s using a special marker, [`LifetimeKind::Implicit`][implicit]. | `fn foo(x: &u32) -> &u32 { }`- A single `ty::Ty`. The `ty::Ty` has the hidden lifetime param. |
 
 [implicit]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/rustc_hir/hir/enum.LifetimeKind.html#variant.Implicit
 

src/doc/unstable-book/src/compiler-flags/min-function-alignment.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ This flag is equivalent to:
 - `-fmin-function-alignment` for [GCC](https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Optimize-Options.html#index-fmin-function-alignment_003dn)
 - `-falign-functions` for [Clang](https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCommandLineReference.html#cmdoption-clang1-falign-functions)
 
-The specified alignment is a minimum. A higher alignment can be specified for specific functions by using the [`repr(align(...))`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/82232) feature and annotating the function with a `#[repr(align(<align>))]` attribute. The attribute's value is ignored when it is lower than the value passed to `min-function-alignment`.
+The specified alignment is a minimum. A higher alignment can be specified for specific functions by using the [`align(...)`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/82232) feature and annotating the function with a `#[align(<align>)]` attribute. The attribute's value is ignored when it is lower than the value passed to `min-function-alignment`.
 
 There are two additional edge cases for this flag:
 

src/librustdoc/clean/types.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, OnceLock as OnceCell};
 use std::{fmt, iter};
 
 use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
+use itertools::Either;
 use rustc_abi::{ExternAbi, VariantIdx};
 use rustc_attr_data_structures::{
     AttributeKind, ConstStability, Deprecation, Stability, StableSince,
@@ -199,49 +200,49 @@ impl ExternalCrate {
             .unwrap_or(Unknown) // Well, at least we tried.
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn keywords(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> ThinVec<(DefId, Symbol)> {
+    fn mapped_root_modules<T>(
+        &self,
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
+        f: impl Fn(DefId, TyCtxt<'_>) -> Option<(DefId, T)>,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (DefId, T)> {
         let root = self.def_id();
 
-        let as_keyword = |res: Res<!>| {
-            if let Res::Def(DefKind::Mod, def_id) = res {
-                let mut keyword = None;
-                let meta_items = tcx
-                    .get_attrs(def_id, sym::doc)
-                    .flat_map(|attr| attr.meta_item_list().unwrap_or_default());
-                for meta in meta_items {
-                    if meta.has_name(sym::keyword)
-                        && let Some(v) = meta.value_str()
-                    {
-                        keyword = Some(v);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                return keyword.map(|p| (def_id, p));
-            }
-            None
-        };
         if root.is_local() {
-            tcx.hir_root_module()
-                .item_ids
-                .iter()
-                .filter_map(|&id| {
-                    let item = tcx.hir_item(id);
-                    match item.kind {
-                        hir::ItemKind::Mod(..) => {
-                            as_keyword(Res::Def(DefKind::Mod, id.owner_id.to_def_id()))
-                        }
-                        _ => None,
-                    }
-                })
-                .collect()
+            Either::Left(
+                tcx.hir_root_module()
+                    .item_ids
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(move |&&id| matches!(tcx.hir_item(id).kind, hir::ItemKind::Mod(..)))
+                    .filter_map(move |&id| f(id.owner_id.into(), tcx)),
+            )
         } else {
-            tcx.module_children(root).iter().map(|item| item.res).filter_map(as_keyword).collect()
+            Either::Right(
+                tcx.module_children(root)
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter_map(|item| {
+                        if let Res::Def(DefKind::Mod, did) = item.res { Some(did) } else { None }
+                    })
+                    .filter_map(move |did| f(did, tcx)),
+            )
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn primitives(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> ThinVec<(DefId, PrimitiveType)> {
-        let root = self.def_id();
+    pub(crate) fn keywords(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> impl Iterator<Item = (DefId, Symbol)> {
+        fn as_keyword(did: DefId, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Option<(DefId, Symbol)> {
+            tcx.get_attrs(did, sym::doc)
+                .flat_map(|attr| attr.meta_item_list().unwrap_or_default())
+                .filter(|meta| meta.has_name(sym::keyword))
+                .find_map(|meta| meta.value_str())
+                .map(|value| (did, value))
+        }
 
+        self.mapped_root_modules(tcx, as_keyword)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn primitives(
+        &self,
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (DefId, PrimitiveType)> {
         // Collect all inner modules which are tagged as implementations of
         // primitives.
         //
@@ -259,40 +260,21 @@ impl ExternalCrate {
         // Also note that this does not attempt to deal with modules tagged
         // duplicately for the same primitive. This is handled later on when
         // rendering by delegating everything to a hash map.
-        let as_primitive = |res: Res<!>| {
-            let Res::Def(DefKind::Mod, def_id) = res else { return None };
-            tcx.get_attrs(def_id, sym::rustc_doc_primitive)
-                .map(|attr| {
-                    let attr_value = attr.value_str().expect("syntax should already be validated");
-                    let Some(prim) = PrimitiveType::from_symbol(attr_value) else {
-                        span_bug!(
-                            attr.span(),
-                            "primitive `{attr_value}` is not a member of `PrimitiveType`"
-                        );
-                    };
+        fn as_primitive(def_id: DefId, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Option<(DefId, PrimitiveType)> {
+            tcx.get_attrs(def_id, sym::rustc_doc_primitive).next().map(|attr| {
+                let attr_value = attr.value_str().expect("syntax should already be validated");
+                let Some(prim) = PrimitiveType::from_symbol(attr_value) else {
+                    span_bug!(
+                        attr.span(),
+                        "primitive `{attr_value}` is not a member of `PrimitiveType`"
+                    );
+                };
 
-                    (def_id, prim)
-                })
-                .next()
-        };
-
-        if root.is_local() {
-            tcx.hir_root_module()
-                .item_ids
-                .iter()
-                .filter_map(|&id| {
-                    let item = tcx.hir_item(id);
-                    match item.kind {
-                        hir::ItemKind::Mod(..) => {
-                            as_primitive(Res::Def(DefKind::Mod, id.owner_id.to_def_id()))
-                        }
-                        _ => None,
-                    }
-                })
-                .collect()
-        } else {
-            tcx.module_children(root).iter().map(|item| item.res).filter_map(as_primitive).collect()
+                (def_id, prim)
+            })
         }
+
+        self.mapped_root_modules(tcx, as_primitive)
     }
 }
 
@@ -1966,7 +1948,7 @@ impl PrimitiveType {
                 let e = ExternalCrate { crate_num };
                 let crate_name = e.name(tcx);
                 debug!(?crate_num, ?crate_name);
-                for &(def_id, prim) in &e.primitives(tcx) {
+                for (def_id, prim) in e.primitives(tcx) {
                     // HACK: try to link to std instead where possible
                     if crate_name == sym::core && primitive_locations.contains_key(&prim) {
                         continue;

src/librustdoc/clean/utils.rs

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ pub(crate) fn krate(cx: &mut DocContext<'_>) -> Crate {
     let keywords = local_crate.keywords(cx.tcx);
     {
         let ItemKind::ModuleItem(m) = &mut module.inner.kind else { unreachable!() };
-        m.items.extend(primitives.iter().map(|&(def_id, prim)| {
+        m.items.extend(primitives.map(|(def_id, prim)| {
             Item::from_def_id_and_parts(
                 def_id,
                 Some(prim.as_sym()),
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ pub(crate) fn krate(cx: &mut DocContext<'_>) -> Crate {
                 cx,
             )
         }));
-        m.items.extend(keywords.into_iter().map(|(def_id, kw)| {
+        m.items.extend(keywords.map(|(def_id, kw)| {
             Item::from_def_id_and_parts(def_id, Some(kw), ItemKind::KeywordItem, cx)
         }));
     }

src/librustdoc/html/sources.rs

@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ pub(crate) fn print_src(
         );
         Ok(())
     });
-    let max_nb_digits = if lines > 0 { lines.ilog(10) + 1 } else { 1 };
+    let max_nb_digits = if lines > 0 { lines.ilog10() + 1 } else { 1 };
     match source_context {
         SourceContext::Standalone { file_path } => Source {
             code_html: code,

src/librustdoc/passes/collect_trait_impls.rs

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ pub(crate) fn collect_trait_impls(mut krate: Crate, cx: &mut DocContext<'_>) ->
     });
 
     let local_crate = ExternalCrate { crate_num: LOCAL_CRATE };
-    let prims: FxHashSet<PrimitiveType> = local_crate.primitives(tcx).iter().map(|p| p.1).collect();
+    let prims: FxHashSet<PrimitiveType> = local_crate.primitives(tcx).map(|(_, p)| p).collect();
 
     let crate_items = {
         let mut coll = ItemAndAliasCollector::new(&cx.cache);

src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/bool_assert_comparison.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ fn is_impl_not_trait_with_bool_out<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -
         .and_then(|trait_id| {
             cx.tcx.associated_items(trait_id).find_by_ident_and_kind(
                 cx.tcx,
-                Ident::from_str("Output"),
+                Ident::with_dummy_span(sym::Output),
                 ty::AssocTag::Type,
                 trait_id,
             )

src/tools/rustfmt/src/imports.rs

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ impl UseSegment {
         modsep: bool,
     ) -> Option<UseSegment> {
         let name = rewrite_ident(context, path_seg.ident);
-        if name.is_empty() || name == "{{root}}" {
+        if name.is_empty() {
             return None;
         }
         let kind = match name {

tests/ui/asm/naked-invalid-attr.stderr

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ error[E0736]: attribute incompatible with `#[unsafe(naked)]`
   --> $DIR/naked-invalid-attr.rs:56:1
    |
 LL | #[::a]
-   | ^^^^^^ the `{{root}}::a` attribute is incompatible with `#[unsafe(naked)]`
+   | ^^^^^^ the `::a` attribute is incompatible with `#[unsafe(naked)]`
 ...
 LL | #[unsafe(naked)]
    | ---------------- function marked with `#[unsafe(naked)]` here

tests/ui/attributes/malformed-fn-align.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 
 trait MyTrait {
     #[align] //~ ERROR malformed `align` attribute input
-    fn myfun();
+    fn myfun1();
+
+    #[align(1, 2)] //~ ERROR malformed `align` attribute input
+    fn myfun2();
 }
 
 #[align = 16] //~ ERROR malformed `align` attribute input

tests/ui/attributes/malformed-fn-align.stderr

@@ -2,54 +2,55 @@ error[E0539]: malformed `align` attribute input
   --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:5:5
    |
 LL |     #[align]
-   |     ^^^^^^^^ expected this to be a list
+   |     ^^^^^^^^
+   |     |
+   |     expected this to be a list
+   |     help: must be of the form: `#[align(<alignment in bytes>)]`
+
+error[E0805]: malformed `align` attribute input
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:8:5
    |
-help: try changing it to one of the following valid forms of the attribute
-   |
-LL |     #[align(<alignment in bytes>)]
-   |            ++++++++++++++++++++++
+LL |     #[align(1, 2)]
+   |     ^^^^^^^------^
+   |     |      |
+   |     |      expected a single argument here
+   |     help: must be of the form: `#[align(<alignment in bytes>)]`
 
 error[E0539]: malformed `align` attribute input
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:9:1
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:12:1
    |
 LL | #[align = 16]
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected this to be a list
-   |
-help: try changing it to one of the following valid forms of the attribute
-   |
-LL - #[align = 16]
-LL + #[align(<alignment in bytes>)]
-   |
-LL - #[align = 16]
-LL + #[align]
-   |
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   | |
+   | expected this to be a list
+   | help: must be of the form: `#[align(<alignment in bytes>)]`
 
 error[E0589]: invalid alignment value: not an unsuffixed integer
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:12:9
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:15:9
    |
 LL | #[align("hello")]
    |         ^^^^^^^
 
 error[E0589]: invalid alignment value: not a power of two
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:15:9
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:18:9
    |
 LL | #[align(0)]
    |         ^
 
 error: `#[repr(align(...))]` is not supported on function items
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:18:8
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:21:8
    |
 LL | #[repr(align(16))]
    |        ^^^^^^^^^
    |
 help: use `#[align(...)]` instead
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:18:8
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:21:8
    |
 LL | #[repr(align(16))]
    |        ^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: `#[align(...)]` is not supported on struct items
-  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:21:1
+  --> $DIR/malformed-fn-align.rs:24:1
    |
 LL | #[align(16)]
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ LL - #[align(16)]
 LL + #[repr(align(16))]
    |
 
-error: aborting due to 6 previous errors
+error: aborting due to 7 previous errors
 
-Some errors have detailed explanations: E0539, E0589.
+Some errors have detailed explanations: E0539, E0589, E0805.
 For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0539`.

tests/ui/feature-gates/feature-gate-fn_align.stderr

@@ -22,12 +22,10 @@ error[E0539]: malformed `align` attribute input
   --> $DIR/feature-gate-fn_align.rs:8:5
    |
 LL |     #[align]
-   |     ^^^^^^^^ expected this to be a list
-   |
-help: try changing it to one of the following valid forms of the attribute
-   |
-LL |     #[align(<alignment in bytes>)]
-   |            ++++++++++++++++++++++
+   |     ^^^^^^^^
+   |     |
+   |     expected this to be a list
+   |     help: must be of the form: `#[align(<alignment in bytes>)]`
 
 error: aborting due to 3 previous errors