diff --git a/tests/rustdoc-ui/doc-cfg-check-cfg.rs b/tests/rustdoc-ui/doc-cfg-check-cfg.rs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e3420dc07897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rustdoc-ui/doc-cfg-check-cfg.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Ensure that `doc(cfg())` respects `check-cfg`
+// Currently not properly working
+#![feature(doc_cfg)]
+#![deny(unexpected_cfgs)]
+
+//@revisions: no_check cfg_empty cfg_foo
+//@[cfg_empty] compile-flags: --check-cfg cfg()
+//@[cfg_foo] compile-flags: --check-cfg cfg(foo)
+
+//@[no_check] check-pass
+//@[cfg_empty] check-pass
+//@[cfg_empty] known-bug: #138358
+//@[cfg_foo] check-pass
+
+#[doc(cfg(foo))]
+pub fn foo() {}