Implement RFC 2338, "Type alias enum variants"
This PR implements [RFC 2338](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2338), allowing one to write code like the following.
```rust
#![feature(type_alias_enum_variants)]
enum Foo {
Bar(i32),
Baz { i: i32 },
}
type Alias = Foo;
fn main() {
let t = Alias::Bar(0);
let t = Alias::Baz { i: 0 };
match t {
Alias::Bar(_i) => {}
Alias::Baz { i: _i } => {}
}
}
```
Since `Self` can be considered a type alias in this context, it also enables using `Self::Variant` as both a constructor and pattern.
Fixes issues #56199 and #56611.
N.B., after discussing the syntax for type arguments on enum variants with @petrochenkov and @eddyb (there are also a few comments on the [tracking issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/49683)), the consensus seems to be treat the syntax as follows, which ought to be backwards-compatible.
```rust
Option::<u8>::None; // OK
Option::None::<u8>; // OK, but lint in near future (hard error next edition?)
Alias::<u8>::None; // OK
Alias::None::<u8>; // Error
```
I do not know if this will need an FCP, but let's start one if so.
resolve: Fix another ICE in import validation
Imports are allowed to have ambiguous resolutions as long as all of them have same `Def`.
As it turned out, it's possible for different `Module`s to have same `Def` when `extern crate` items are involved.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/56596
Resolve `$crate`s for pretty-printing at more appropriate time
Doing it in `BuildReducedGraphVisitor` wasn't a good idea, identifiers wasn't actually visited half of the time.
As a result some `$crate`s weren't resolved and were therefore pretty-printed as `$crate` literally, which turns into two tokens during re-parsing of the pretty-printed text.
Now we are visiting and resolving `$crate` identifiers in an item right before sending that item to a proc macro attribute or derive.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/57089
AST/HIR: Introduce `ExprKind::Err` for better error recovery in the front-end
This way we can avoid aborting compilation if expansion produces errors and generate `ExprKind::Err`s instead.
When a format string has escaped whitespace characters format
arguments were shifted by one per each escaped character. Account
for these escaped characters when synthesizing the spans.
Fix#55155.
- Point at opening mismatched formatting brace
- Account for differences between raw and regular strings
- Account for differences between the code snippet and `InternedString`
- Add more tests
make non_camel_case_types an early lint
This allows us to catch these kinds of style violations much earlier, as evidenced by the large number of tests that had to be updated for this change.
