Upgrade pre-built Clang used in MSVC and MacOS builds, move MSVC builds to Server 2022
Fixes#92948
Example working MacOS and Windows builds: <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/actions/runs/8989360201>
There is a [bug in Clang 18](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/81849) that causes issues when building for Arm64 in later parts of the build (specifically `libgit2`). As a workaround, we will still use the pre-built Clang to build LLVM but will use MSVC for the rest of the Arm64 build.
Use Server 2022 in CI for mingw jobs
From my [previous testing](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/92948#issuecomment-2077771347), there is nothing blocking using Server 2022 for the Windows MinGW jobs.
This change:
* Adds new `os` entries for Server 2022.
* Renamed the Server 2019 `os` entries (as we'll be removing these over time).
* Moves the mingw jobs to Server 2022 and leaves the msvc jobs on Server 2019.
Partially fixes#92948
CI: add a script for dynamically computing CI job matrix
It would be great if was easier to run specific CI workflows locally, and also to allow us to spawn a specific CI workflow by bors, to enable running arbitrary try builds. See discussion [here](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/242791-t-infra/topic/CI.20workflows.20refactoring).
This PR is a first step in that direction.
- Moves the definition of CI runners and (for now) PR jobs into a separate `jobs.yml` file.
- Adds a simple Python script that reads the file, decides which jobs should be active for the current CI workflow, and prints them as JSON to their output.
- The PR job then reads this output and generates its job matrix based on it.
By moving the job definitions from `ci.yml` into a separate file, we can handle it programmatically, which should make it easier to both do local execution of CI jobs and also to do arbitrary try builds.
Improvements to building and CI for mingw/msys
I was getting error messages when trying to follow the build instructions the mingw build for Rust, and managed to track the issue down to an incomparability of Rust's bootstrap program with MSYS2's version of git. Essentially, the problem is that MSYS2's git works in emulated unix-y paths, but bootstrap expects a Windows path. I found a workaround for this by using relative paths instead of absolute paths.
Along with that fix, this PR also updates the build instructions for MinGW to be compatible with modern versions of MSYS2, and some changes to CI to make sure that MSYS2's version of git is tested. In particular, I'm suggesting using the [MSYS2 github action](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/setup-msys2) specially made for this purpose, which is much less hacky than the old approach and gives us more control of what packages are installed. I also cleaned up as many alternate versions of key tools as I could find from PATH, to avoid accidental usage, and cleaned up some abuses of the `CUSTOM_MINGW` environment variable.
This fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/105696 and fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/117567
This seems to fix two sporadic errors that have been appearing in CI.
One is an issue with cmake being unable to verify that cmake is able to
build a simple test program. The other is a `invalid r_symbolnum`
linking error when trying to build one of cranelift's tests.
This is intended as a temporary fix until we can figure out how to
resolve those issues.
