Implement Unsized Rvalues
This PR is the first step to implement RFC1909: unsized rvalues (#48055).
## Implemented
- `Sized` is removed for arguments and local bindings. (under `#![feature(unsized_locals)]`)
- Unsized locations are allowed in MIR
- Unsized places and operands are correctly translated at codegen
## Not implemented in this PR
- Additional `Sized` checks:
- tuple struct constructor (accidentally compiles now)
- closure arguments at closure generation (accidentally compiles now)
- upvars (ICEs now)
- Generating vtable for `fn method(self)` (ICEs now)
- VLAs: `[e; n]` where `n` isn't const
- Reduce unnecessary allocations
## Current status
- [x] Fix `__rust_probestack` (rust-lang-nursery/compiler-builtins#244)
- [x] Get the fix merged
- [x] `#![feature(unsized_locals)]`
- [x] Give it a tracking issue number
- [x] Lift sized checks in typeck and MIR-borrowck
- [ ] <del>Forbid `A(unsized-expr)`</del> will be another PR
- [x] Minimum working codegen
- [x] Add more examples and fill in unimplemented codegen paths
- [ ] <del>Loosen object-safety rules (will be another PR)</del>
- [ ] <del>Implement `Box<FnOnce>` (will be another PR)</del>
- [ ] <del>Reduce temporaries (will be another PR)</del>
Fix usage of `wasm_target_feature`
Currently usage results in:
```
error: internal compiler error: librustc_typeck/collect.rs:1928: unknown target feature gate wasm_target_feature
thread 'main' panicked at 'Box<Any>', librustc_errors/lib.rs:579:9
note: Run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` for a backtrace.
error: aborting due to previous error
note: the compiler unexpectedly panicked. this is a bug.
note: we would appreciate a bug report: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#bug-reports
note: rustc 1.30.0-nightly (d5a448b3f 2018-08-13) running on x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
note: compiler flags: -C debuginfo=2 -C linker=/tmp/lld-shim -C incremental --crate-type lib
note: some of the compiler flags provided by cargo are hidden
error: Could not compile `coresimd`.
To learn more, run the command again with --verbose.
```
and hopefully this should fix the ICE!
fix error for unsized packed struct field
It was really confusing to be told "only the last field of a struct may have a dynamically sized type" when only the last field *was* unsized.
Don't format!() string literals
Prefer `to_string()` to `format!()` take 2, this time targetting string literals. In some cases (`&format!("...")` -> `"..."`) also removes allocations. Occurences of `format!("")` are changed to `String::new()`.
Replace push loops with extend() where possible
Or set the vector capacity where I couldn't do it.
According to my [simple benchmark](https://gist.github.com/ljedrz/568e97621b749849684c1da71c27dceb) `extend`ing a vector can be over **10 times** faster than `push`ing to it in a loop:
10 elements (6.1 times faster):
```
test bench_extension ... bench: 75 ns/iter (+/- 23)
test bench_push_loop ... bench: 458 ns/iter (+/- 142)
```
100 elements (11.12 times faster):
```
test bench_extension ... bench: 87 ns/iter (+/- 26)
test bench_push_loop ... bench: 968 ns/iter (+/- 3,528)
```
1000 elements (11.04 times faster):
```
test bench_extension ... bench: 311 ns/iter (+/- 9)
test bench_push_loop ... bench: 3,436 ns/iter (+/- 233)
```
Seems like a good idea to use `extend` as much as possible.
