Combine three generalizer implementations
Fixes#111092Fixes#109505
This code is a bit delicate and there were subtle changes between them, so I'll leave inline comments where further inspection is needed.
Regarding this comment from #109813 -- "add tests triggering all codepaths: at least the combine and the const generalizer", can't really do that now, and I don't really know how we'd get a higher-ranked const error since non-lifetime binders doesn't *really* support `for<const ..>` (it errors out when you try to use it).
r? `@lcnr`
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