Require type_map::stub callers to supply file information
This change attaches file information (`DIFile` reference and line
number) to struct debug info nodes.
Before:
```
; foo.ll
...
!5 = !DIFile(filename: "<unknown>", directory: "")
...
!16 = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "MyType", scope: !2, file: !5, size: 32, align: 32, elements: !17, templateParams: !19, identifier: "4cb373851db92e732c4cb5651b886dd0")
...
```
After:
```
; foo.ll
...
!3 = !DIFile(filename: "foo.rs", directory: "/home/matt/src/rust98678", checksumkind: CSK_SHA1, checksum: "bcb9f08512c8f3b8181ef4726012bc6807bc9be4")
...
!16 = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "MyType", scope: !2, file: !3, line: 3, size: 32, align: 32, elements: !17, templateParams: !19, identifier: "9e5968c7af39c148acb253912b7f409f")
...
```
Fixes #98678
2f00b6affd