rust/library/core/src/num
bors 2fab321435 Auto merge of #79134 - ohadravid:nzint-div, r=dtolnay
Add `impl Div<NonZeroU{0}> for u{0}` which cannot panic

Dividing an unsigned int by a `NonZeroUxx` requires a user to write (for example, in [this SO question](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64855738/how-to-inform-the-optimizer-that-nonzerou32get-will-never-return-zero)):

```
pub fn safe_div(x: u32, y: std::num::NonZeroU32) -> u32 {
    x / y.get()
}
```

which generates a panicking-checked-div [assembly](https://godbolt.org/#g:!((g:!((g:!((h:codeEditor,i:(fontScale:14,j:1,lang:rust,selection:(endColumn:2,endLineNumber:6,positionColumn:2,positionLineNumber:6,selectionStartColumn:2,selectionStartLineNumber:6,startColumn:2,startLineNumber:6),source:%27pub+fn+div(x:+u32,+y:+u32)+-%3E+u32+%7B%0A++++x+/+y%0A%7D%0Apub+fn+safe_div(x:+u32,+y:+std::num::NonZeroU32)+-%3E+u32+%7B%0A++++x+/+y.get()+//+an+unchecked+division+expected%0A%7D%27),l:%275%27,n:%270%27,o:%27Rust+source+%231%27,t:%270%27)),k:50,l:%274%27,n:%270%27,o:%27%27,s:0,t:%270%27),(g:!((h:compiler,i:(compiler:r1470,filters:(b:%270%27,binary:%271%27,commentOnly:%270%27,demangle:%270%27,directives:%270%27,execute:%271%27,intel:%270%27,libraryCode:%271%27,trim:%271%27),fontScale:14,j:1,lang:rust,libs:!(),options:%27-O%27,selection:(endColumn:1,endLineNumber:1,positionColumn:1,positionLineNumber:1,selectionStartColumn:1,selectionStartLineNumber:1,startColumn:1,startLineNumber:1),source:1),l:%275%27,n:%270%27,o:%27rustc+1.47.0+(Editor+%231,+Compiler+%231)+Rust%27,t:%270%27)),k:50,l:%274%27,n:%270%27,o:%27%27,s:0,t:%270%27)),l:%272%27,n:%270%27,o:%27%27,t:%270%27)),version:4).
Avoiding the `panic` currently requires `unsafe` code.

This PR adds an `impl Div<NonZeroU{0}> for u{0}` (and `impl Rem<NonZeroU{0}> for u{0}`) which calls the `unchecked_div` (and `unchecked_rem`) intrinsic without any additional checks,
making the following code compile:

```
pub fn safe_div(x: u32, y: std::num::NonZeroU32) -> u32 {
    x / y
}

pub fn safe_rem(x: u32, y: std::num::NonZeroU32) -> u32 {
    x % y
}
```

The doc is set to match the regular div impl [docs](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/src/core/ops/arith.rs.html#460).

I've marked these as stable because (as I understand it) trait impls are automatically stable. I'm happy to change it to unstable if needed.

Following `@dtolnay` template from a similar issue:
this adds the following **stable** impls, which rely on dividing unsigned integers by nonzero integers being well defined and previously would have involved unsafe code to encode that knowledge:
```
impl Div<NonZeroU8> for u8 {
    type Output = u8;
}

impl Rem<NonZeroU8> for u8 {
    type Output = u8;
}
```
and equivalent for u16, u32, u64, u128, usize, but **not** for i8, i16, i32, i64, i128, isize (since -1/MIN is undefined).

r? `@dtolnay`
2020-12-27 13:11:06 +00:00
..
dec2flt Fix automatic_links warnings 2020-11-05 10:22:08 +01:00
flt2dec rename MaybeUninit slice methods 2020-09-05 17:24:22 +02:00
shells Move dummy integer modules (like core::u32) to shells dir 2020-09-19 14:54:20 +00:00
bignum.rs Use T::BITS instead of size_of::<T> * 8. 2020-09-19 06:54:42 +02:00
diy_float.rs mv std libs to library/ 2020-07-27 19:51:13 -05:00
error.rs Apply suggested changes 2020-10-26 18:14:12 +00:00
f32.rs Move {f32,f64}::clamp to core. 2020-11-27 19:15:51 +01:00
f64.rs Move {f32,f64}::clamp to core. 2020-11-27 19:15:51 +01:00
int_macros.rs Add popcount and popcnt as doc aliases for count_ones methods. 2020-12-17 00:22:48 +01:00
mod.rs Rollup merge of #77640 - ethanboxx:int_error_matching_attempt_2, r=KodrAus 2020-11-09 01:13:25 +01:00
nonzero.rs Bump nonzero_div feature to Rust 1.51 2020-12-27 03:17:30 -08:00
uint_macros.rs Add popcount and popcnt as doc aliases for count_ones methods. 2020-12-17 00:22:48 +01:00
wrapping.rs Add popcount and popcnt as doc aliases for count_ones methods. 2020-12-17 00:22:48 +01:00