Show enum discriminant if a compatible repr is used
Follow-up of #116142.
It was mentioned in the [team meeting](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/393423-t-rustdoc.2Fmeetings/topic/meeting.2002-10-2023/near/394504024) that an enum with a `repr` should also get its discriminants displayed. Forgot to implement it in #116142...
It also allowed to uncover a bug: i was not providing the correct `DefId` in case it was a type alias to `render_enum_fields`. It's also fixed in this PR.
r? `@fmease`
3ff244b61c