Add a test for #107975
The int is zero. But also not zero. This is so much fun.
This is a part of #105107.
Initially I was going to just rebase #108445, but quite a few things changed since then:
* The [mcve](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/105787#issuecomment-1750112388) used for #105787 got fixed.[^upd2]
* You can't just `a ?= b` for #107975 anymore. Now you have to `a-b ?= 0`. This is what this PR does. As an additional flex, it show that three ways of converting a pointer to its address have this issue:
1. `as usize`
2. `.expose_provenance()`
3. `.addr()`
* #108425 simply got fixed. Yay.
As an aside, the naming for `addr_of!` is quite unfortunate in context of provenance APIs. Because `addr_of!` gives you a pointer, but what provenance APIs refer to as "address" is the `usize` value. Oh well.
UPD1: GitHub is incapable of parsing #107975 in the PR name, so let's add it here.
[^upd2]: UPD2: [The other mcve](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/105787#issue-1500501670) does not work anymore either, saying "this behavior recently changed as a result of a bug fix; see rust-lang/rust#56105 for details."
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