Add options to --extern flag.
This changes the `--extern` flag so that it can take a series of options that changes its behavior. The general syntax is `[opts ':'] name ['=' path]` where `opts` is a comma separated list of options. Two options are supported, `priv` which replaces `--extern-private` and `noprelude` which avoids adding the crate to the extern prelude.
```text
--extern priv:mylib=/path/to/libmylib.rlib
--extern noprelude:alloc=/path/to/liballoc.rlib
```
`noprelude` is to be used by Cargo's build-std feature in order to use `--extern` to reference standard library crates.
This also includes a second commit which adds the `aux-crate` directive to compiletest. I can split this off into a separate PR if desired, but it helps with defining these kinds of tests. It is based on #54020, and can be used in the future to replace and simplify some of the Makefile tests.
4c3e95e84b