Factor query arena allocation out from query caches
This moves the logic for arena allocation out from the query caches into conditional code in the query system. The specialized arena caches are removed. A new `QuerySystem` type is added in `rustc_middle` which contains the arenas, providers and query caches.
Performance seems to be slightly regressed:
<table><tr><td rowspan="2">Benchmark</td><td colspan="1"><b>Before</b></th><td colspan="2"><b>After</b></th></tr><tr><td align="right">Time</td><td align="right">Time</td><td align="right">%</th></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>clap</b>:check</td><td align="right">1.8053s</td><td align="right">1.8109s</td><td align="right"> 0.31%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>hyper</b>:check</td><td align="right">0.2600s</td><td align="right">0.2597s</td><td align="right"> -0.10%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>regex</b>:check</td><td align="right">0.9973s</td><td align="right">1.0006s</td><td align="right"> 0.34%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>syn</b>:check</td><td align="right">1.6048s</td><td align="right">1.6051s</td><td align="right"> 0.02%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>syntex_syntax</b>:check</td><td align="right">6.2992s</td><td align="right">6.3159s</td><td align="right"> 0.26%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td align="right">10.9664s</td><td align="right">10.9922s</td><td align="right"> 0.23%</td></tr><tr><td>Summary</td><td align="right">1.0000s</td><td align="right">1.0017s</td><td align="right"> 0.17%</td></tr></table>
Incremental performance is a bit worse:
<table><tr><td rowspan="2">Benchmark</td><td colspan="1"><b>Before</b></th><td colspan="2"><b>After</b></th></tr><tr><td align="right">Time</td><td align="right">Time</td><td align="right">%</th></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>clap</b>:check:initial</td><td align="right">2.2103s</td><td align="right">2.2247s</td><td align="right"> 0.65%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>hyper</b>:check:initial</td><td align="right">0.3335s</td><td align="right">0.3349s</td><td align="right"> 0.41%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>regex</b>:check:initial</td><td align="right">1.2597s</td><td align="right">1.2650s</td><td align="right"> 0.42%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>syn</b>:check:initial</td><td align="right">2.0521s</td><td align="right">2.0613s</td><td align="right"> 0.45%</td></tr><tr><td>🟣 <b>syntex_syntax</b>:check:initial</td><td align="right">7.8275s</td><td align="right">7.8583s</td><td align="right"> 0.39%</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td align="right">13.6832s</td><td align="right">13.7442s</td><td align="right"> 0.45%</td></tr><tr><td>Summary</td><td align="right">1.0000s</td><td align="right">1.0046s</td><td align="right"> 0.46%</td></tr></table>
It does seem like LLVM optimizers struggle a bit with the current state of the query system.
Based on top of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107782 and https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/107802.
r? `@cjgillot`
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