This commit is an implementation of [RFC 1288][rfc] which adds two new unstable
types to the `std::time` module. The `Instant` type is used to represent
measurements of a monotonically increasing clock suitable for measuring time
withing a process for operations such as benchmarks or just the elapsed time to
do something. An `Instant` favors panicking when bugs are found as the bugs are
programmer errors rather than typical errors that can be encountered.
[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/1288
The `SystemTime` type is used to represent a system timestamp and is not
monotonic. Very few guarantees are provided about this measurement of the system
clock, but a fixed point in time (`UNIX_EPOCH`) is provided to learn about the
relative distance from this point for any particular time stamp.
This PR takes the same implementation strategy as the `time` crate on crates.io,
namely:
| Platform | Instant | SystemTime |
|------------|--------------------------|--------------------------|
| Windows | QueryPerformanceCounter | GetSystemTimeAsFileTime |
| OSX | mach_absolute_time | gettimeofday |
| Unix | CLOCK_MONOTONIC | CLOCK_REALTIME |
These implementations can perhaps be refined over time, but they currently
satisfy the requirements of the `Instant` and `SystemTime` types while also
being portable across implementations and revisions of each platform.
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