Delay a bug when encountering an impl with unconstrained generics in `codegen_select`
Despite its name, `codegen_select` is what powers `Instance::try_resolve`, which is used in pre-codegen contexts to try to resolve a method where possible. One place that it's used is in the "recursion MIR lint" that detects recursive MIR bodies.
If we encounter an impl in `codegen_select` that contains unconstrained generic parameters, we expect that impl to caused an error to be reported; however, there's no temporal guarantee that this error is reported *before* we call `codegen_select`. This is what a delayed bug is *for*, and this PR makes us use a delayed bug rather than asserting something about errors already having been emitted.
Fixes #126646
acf48fcb9d