rustc: Modernize wasm checks for atomics
This commit modernizes how rustc checks for whether the `atomics`
feature is enabled for the wasm target. The `sess.target_features` set
is consulted instead of fiddling around with dealing with various
aspects of LLVM and that syntax.
The codegen crate contains the code to convert from MIR into LLVM IR,
and then from LLVM IR into machine code. In general it contains code
that runs towards the end of the compilation process.
For more information about how codegen works, see the rustc dev guide.
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