Add a fast path for lowering trivial consts
The objective of this PR is to improve compilation performance for crates that define a lot of trivial consts. This is a flamegraph of a build of a library crate that is just 100,000 trivial consts, taken from a nightly compiler:
<img width="842" height="280" alt="2025-10-25-164005_842x280_scrot" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e5400aaf-03bd-4461-b905-054aa82ca60f" />
My objective is to target all of the cycles in `eval_to_const_value_raw` that are not part of `mir_built`, because if you look at the `mir_built` for a trivial const, we already have the value available.
In this PR, the definition of a trivial const is this:
```rust
const A: usize = 0;
```
Specifically, we look for if the `mir_built` body is a single basic block containing one assign statement and a return terminator, where the assign statement assigns an `Operand::Constant(Const::Val)`. The MIR dumps for these look like:
```
const A: usize = {
let mut _0: usize;
bb0: {
_0 = const 0_usize;
return;
}
}
```
The implementation is built around a new query, `trivial_const(LocalDefId) -> Option<(ConstValue, Ty)>` which returns the contents of the `Const::Val` in the `mir_built` if the `LocalDefId` is a trivial const.
Then I added _debug_ assertions to the beginning of `mir_for_ctfe` and `mir_promoted` to prevent trying to get the body of a trivial const, because that would defeat the optimization here. But these are deliberately _debug_ assertions because the consequence of failing the assertion is that compilation is slow, not corrupt. If we made these hard assertions, I'm sure there are obscure scenarios people will run into where the compiler would ICE instead of continuing on compilation, just a bit slower. I'd like to know about those, but I do not think serving up an ICE is worth it.
With the assertions in place, I just added logic around all the places they were hit, to skip over trying to analyze the bodies of trivial consts.
In the future, I'd like to see this work extended by:
* Pushing detection of trivial consts before MIR building
* Including DefKind::Static and DefKind::InlineConst
* Including consts like `_1 = const 0_usize; _0 = &_1`, which would make a lot of promoteds into trivial consts
* Handling less-trivial consts like `const A: usize = B`, which have `Operand::Constant(Const::Unevaluated)`
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