Stabilize `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s in Rust 1.42.0
# Stabilization report
The following is the stabilization report for `#![feature(transparent_enums)]`.
Tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405
[Version target](https://forge.rust-lang.org/#current-release-versions): 1.42 (2020-01-30 => beta, 2020-03-12 => stable).
## User guide
A `struct` with only a single non-ZST field (let's call it `foo`) can be marked as `#[repr(transparent)]`. Such a `struct` has the same layout and ABI as `foo`. Here, we also extend this ability to `enum`s with only one variant, subject to the same restrictions as for the equivalent `struct`. That is, you can now write:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
enum Foo { Bar(u8) }
```
which, in terms of layout and ABI, is equivalent to:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
struct Foo(u8);
```
## Motivation
This is not a major feature that will unlock new and important use-cases. The utility of `repr(transparent)` `enum`s is indeed limited. However, there is still some value in it:
1. It provides conceptual simplification of the language in terms of treating univariant `enum`s and `struct`s the same, as both are product types. Indeed, languages like Haskell only have `data` as the only way to construct user-defined ADTs in the language.
2. In rare occasions, it might be that the user started out with a univariant `enum` for whatever reason (e.g. they thought they might extend it later). Now they want to make this `enum` `transparent` without breaking users by turning it into a `struct`. By lifting the restriction here, now they can.
## Technical specification
The reference specifies [`repr(transparent)` on a `struct`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/reference/type-layout.html#the-transparent-representation) as:
> ### The transparent Representation
>
> The `transparent` representation can only be used on `struct`s that have:
> - a single field with non-zero size, and
> - any number of fields with size 0 and alignment 1 (e.g. `PhantomData<T>`).
>
> Structs with this representation have the same layout and ABI as the single non-zero sized field.
>
> This is different than the `C` representation because a struct with the `C` representation will always have the ABI of a `C` `struct` while, for example, a struct with the `transparent` representation with a primitive field will have the ABI of the primitive field.
>
> Because this representation delegates type layout to another type, it cannot be used with any other representation.
Here, we amend this to include univariant `enum`s as well with the same static restrictions and the same effects on dynamic semantics.
## Tests
All the relevant tests are adjusted in the PR diff but are recounted here:
- `src/test/ui/repr/repr-transparent.rs` checks that `repr(transparent)` on an `enum` must be univariant, rather than having zero or more than one variant. Restrictions on the fields inside the only variants, like for those on `struct`s, are also checked here.
- A number of codegen tests are provided as well:
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent.rs` (the canonical test)
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-1.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-2.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-3.rs`
- `src/test/ui/lint/lint-ctypes-enum.rs` tests the interactions with the `improper_ctypes` lint.
## History
- 2019-04-30, RFC https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2645
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: The Language Team
This is the RFC that proposes allowing `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s and `union`.
- 2019-06-11, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/60463
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: @varkor and @rkruppe
The PR implements the RFC aforementioned in full.
- 2019, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67323
Author: @Centril
Reviewers: @davidtwco
The PR reorganizes the static checks taking advantage of the fact that `struct`s and `union`s are internally represented as ADTs with a single variant.
- This PR stabilizes `transparent_enums`.
## Related / possible future work
The remaining work here is to figure out the semantics of `#[repr(transparent)]` on `union`s and stabilize those. This work continues to be tracked in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405.
add a test for #60976
The test fails on 1.36.0 but passes on master.
Huge thanks for @hellow554 actually digging out the minimized version of the
repro.
Fixes#60976.
Do not ICE on multipart suggestions touching multiple files
When encountering a multipart suggestion with spans belonging to
different contexts, skip that suggestion.
Fix#68449. Similar to #68256.
rustc: Allow cdylibs to link against dylibs
Previously, rustc mandated that cdylibs could only link against rlibs as dependencies (not dylibs).
This commit disables that restriction and tests that it works in a simple case.
I don't have a windows rustc dev environment, so I guessed at the MSVC test code, I'm hoping the CI can run that for me.
Additionally, we might want to consider emitting (through cargo or rustc) some metadata to help C users of a cdylib figure out where all the dylibs they need are. I don't think that should be needed to land this change, as it will still be usable by homogeneous build systems without it.
My new test was templated off the `tests/run-make-fulldeps/cdylib` test. It seemed more appropriate to have it as a separate test, since both foo.rs and bar.rs would need to be replicated to make that test cover both cases, but I can do that if it would be preferred.
If I'm doing anything out of order/process, please let me know; this is only my second change to rustc and the prior one was trivial.
r? alexcrichton
Also share drop-glue when compiling with -Zshare-generics (i.e. at opt-level=0)
This PR adds drop-glue to the set of monomorphizations that can be shared across crates via `-Zshare-generics`.
This version of the PR might have detrimental effects on performance as it makes lots of stuff dependent on a single query results (`upstream_monomorphizations_for(def_id_of_drop_in_place)`). That should be fixable but let's do a perf run first.
Potentially fixes issue https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/64140. (cc @alexcrichton)
The changes here are related to @matthewjasper's https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67332 but should be mostly orthogonal.
r? @ghost
Avoid overflow in `std::iter::Skip::count`
The call to `count` on the inner iterator can overflow even if `Skip` itself would return less that `usize::max_value()` items.
Fixes#68139
Account for non-types in substs for opaque type error messages
Fixes#68368
Previously, I assumed that the substs contained only types, which caused
the computed index number to be wrong.
Previously, rustc mandated that cdylibs could only link against rlibs as
dependencies (not dylibs).
This commit disables that restriction and tests that it works in a
simple case.
Avoid declaring a fake dependency edge
When we're producing an rlib, we do not need anything more than an rmeta file
for each of our dependencies (this is indeed utilized by Cargo for pipelining).
Previously, we were still storing the paths of possible rlib/dylib crates, which
meant that they could still plausibly be accessed. With -Zbinary-dep-depinfo,
that meant that Cargo thought that rustc was using both the rlib and an (earlier
emitted) rmeta, and so needed a recompile, as the rlib may have finished writing
*after* compilation started (for more detail, see issue 68149).
This commit changes metadata loading to not store the filepaths of dylib/rlib if
we're going to end up creating an rlib only.
Fixes#68149.
Fix try-op diagnostic in E0277 for methods
For methods the try-op diagnostic displays the empty string where
it has more descriptive strings like “a function” otherwise:
error[E0277]: the `?` operator can only be used in that returns `Result` or `Option` (or another type that implements `std::ops::Try`)
^^
| | ^^ cannot use the `?` operator in that returns `()`
^^
I’m seeing this on nightly (rustc 1.42.0-nightly (b5a3341f1
2020-01-20)) and [on the playpen](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2018&gist=0e7ce7792c2aceb8056941710d539124).
The changeset add strings for impl methods and trait provided
methods and test cases for the option type.
Export weak symbols used by MemorySanitizer
Export weak symbols defined by MemorySanitizer instrumentation, which are used
to implement `-Zsanitizer-memory-track-origins` and `-Zsanitizer-recover=memory`.
Previously, when using fat LTO, they would internalized and eliminated.
Fixes#68367.
Make `TooGeneric` error in WF checking a proper error
`TooGeneric` is encountered during WF checking when we cannot determine that a constant involving a generic parameter will always be evaluated successfully (rather than resulting in an error). In these cases, the burden of proof should be with the caller, so that we can avoid post-monomorphisation tim errors (which was the previous previous behaviour). This commit ensures that this situation produces a proper compiler error, rather than silently ignoring it or ICEing.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/66962.
r? @eddyb
